Hamid Panahi; Davood Amini; Ali Osanlu
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction
To achieve sustainable security in Countries where security regards as a main concern, must implement land use planning programs in order of priority from the border to the interior. In land use studies, geography as a context plays a main role in the realization ...
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Extended Abstract
Introduction
To achieve sustainable security in Countries where security regards as a main concern, must implement land use planning programs in order of priority from the border to the interior. In land use studies, geography as a context plays a main role in the realization of codified plans and programs. All three vertices of the golden triangle of land management mean; Man, activity and space are influenced by the natural and human geographical features of the study area. Border zone planning is a type of planning that integrates border development with security and defense, based on the geographical characteristics of border areas, by establishing a link between development indicators and security plans, introduces strategies for sustainable development of border areas, that are bound to each other.
Security considerations are among those categories that have received less attention in macro-planning. In addition, awareness of the current situation is essential for any kind of careful planning for the development and progress of regions, especially in less developed provinces (Alipour et al., 2016: 159). The most important issues and problems in the formulation and implementation of planning in the country, include; Lack of attention to geographical-security considerations in locating the bases of law enforcement, border and military units, vital and sensitive centers and facilities, commercial, economic and communication uses. These issues have made political borders vulnerable to threats, military and terrorist attacks, border vulnerability to armed and opposition groups, border insecurity, dissatisfaction and conflict among border residents, poverty and underdevelopment, etc. in the country’s border areas.
Materials & Methods
The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and data analysis has been done with a quantitative and qualitative (mixed) analysis approach. To analyze the data, the method of contextual and basic theory (foundation data) has been used. In terms of method, this research is descriptive and survey based on field work, using open questionnaire, closed questionnaire and using SPSS and MAXQDA analytical software and Arc GIS. In MAXQDA software, it was proved that border management indicators are effective in security management, implementation and execution of security plans along the country’s political borders. After classifying the extracted indices, to examine the factor status of each of the indices under the relevant components through factor analysis in SPSS software, factors were classified into three categories. In order to analyze the status of application of selected indicators in the northwestern borders of the country, a questionnaire was designed and referred to the expert community was statistically analyzed.
Results & Discussion
Based on factor analysis; Thirteen border operational plans based on indicators Border planning was evaluated in the form of three factors that after reviewing the indicators: first factor; designing of ambush and anti-ambush operations in the border area is based on the shape of the land, the location of natural features in relation to the passages, the location of the escape routes and the connection points, the second factor; In the border monitoring and control planning, determining the location of telecommunication and communication systems in the region based on the situation of the repression points with enough view of the surrounding areas, the third factor; Determining the optimal routes for border patrols is based on the geographical realities prevailing in the border strip like land slope, distance to zero border, snowfall, flooding, etc., these three main plans were selected among the border operational plans influenced by border planning indicators in the northwestern borders of the country.
Conclusion
By analyzing the status of application of border management indicators in the implementation of plans in the border areas of the studied provinces, which was based on the Likert questionnaire and referring to the expert community, the status of the provinces was determined based on calculations and statistical analysis. Then, by summarizing the mean of the indicators based on which three provinces were examined, the status of the provinces was compared and ranked. Based on the results of statistical analysis, the first place is Ardabil province with an average of 3.92, the second place is East Azerbaijan province with an overall average of 3.64 and the third place is West Azerbaijan province with an overall average of 3.61.
Mohammad Reza Zand-e Moghaddam; Sepideh Habibi Kutanaei
Volume 22, Issue 88 , January 2014, , Pages 62-68
Abstract
Nowadays, tourism industry is among the largest and most varied industries of the world to the extent that many countries consider it as their main source of foreign exchange earnings and job creation, establishing social justice, cultural growth, increasing welfare level and a field for the growth of ...
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Nowadays, tourism industry is among the largest and most varied industries of the world to the extent that many countries consider it as their main source of foreign exchange earnings and job creation, establishing social justice, cultural growth, increasing welfare level and a field for the growth of private sector and a means for the development of their infrastructure. The present article seeks to find an answer to this research question: “what are the reasons for this country not benefiting from various advantages of tourism?” The research method is applied-descriptive which is performed in the form of a case study. While collecting information about the tourism development of the provinces and categorizing them, its potentials were ranked using TOPSIS. Results indicate that for most of the cases the province’s potentials are not in a good situation in terms of development index.
Sohrab Asgari
Volume 22, Issue 85 , May 2013, , Pages 79-96
Abstract
Managing a country is one of the most important issues in the world. This aim will achieve through evealuated and scientific planning processes. Good fulfillment of the plans will cause positive results. In Iran, palnning and territory management has a long history. In contemporary era, planning was ...
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Managing a country is one of the most important issues in the world. This aim will achieve through evealuated and scientific planning processes. Good fulfillment of the plans will cause positive results. In Iran, palnning and territory management has a long history. In contemporary era, planning was an organization agenda from the Qajar period,. In Reza shah's kingdom planning was an important issue General information office and Statistics Bureau were the first offices founded. Applying regional planning approach was the first steps in governmental economic programs, 5 years planning policy was applied in the Pahlavi period. The Islamic revolution metamorphosed all former political and social structures. Because of Mismanaging of main affaires in the country, many devastating crises appeared. One of the mismanaging was encouraging population increase. Some sensitive laws were ratified and as a result, a migration trend in a vast shape emptied many villages and caused slum and shanty town. Imposed war and international embargoes were 2 samples of big crisis which accelerated migrations. To face job cuts, and also to produce more strategic crops, idea for cultivating in pasture lands and grass lands was approved, This was a formal aggression forests and pasture lands bases. This aggression caused soil erosion in the country and millions tons of soil erode and destroy completely. Deforestation is the main cause of floods in recent years. In other sides mismanaging has caused environmental disasters around the country. The main issue of this article is evaluating of political decision impacts in geographical space organizating from environmental viewpoint in the country in recent decades.
Karamatollah Ziari; Mohammad Hossein Janbabanejad
Volume 21, Issue 82 , September 2012, , Pages 50-56
Abstract
The idea of healthy city is an idealistic plan. Although the plan is not more than a few years old, yet its historical roots are very long and vicissitudinous. In fact, 1984 was a turning point in which endeavors of people like professor Dehel, Dr. Eshton and immense supports of World Health Organizations ...
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The idea of healthy city is an idealistic plan. Although the plan is not more than a few years old, yet its historical roots are very long and vicissitudinous. In fact, 1984 was a turning point in which endeavors of people like professor Dehel, Dr. Eshton and immense supports of World Health Organizations led into introducing and sometimes enforcement of new patterns and policies so that now after more than two decades the idea of healthy city has turned into a global movement.After the Industrial Revolution, different changes in cities resulted in many problems and issues entangling cities. Therefore, cities faced numerous problems like population explosion, growing growth density, limited housing, poverty problems, breakdown of the city - nature relation, air and noise pollution, unhealthy slums, decrease in healthy level of social life and etc. According to WHO predictions, by 2005 more than 60 percent of the world population will be among urbanites. This urban population will intensify the present problems. Since cities are alive, dynamic and human-centered, planning a healthy city based on its standards and principles is necessary in long term. The present descriptive-analytic article seeks to understand standards and principles of healthy city.
Rahim Sarvar; Mehran Rezaei
Volume 20, Issue 79 , November 2011, , Pages 78-84
Abstract
This paper was prepared in response to the UCGIS consortium in the summer of 1999. The objective of this challenge is to review the successes and inferences of geographic information science related to urban and regional planning. This study outlines five areas for the distribution of geographic ...
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This paper was prepared in response to the UCGIS consortium in the summer of 1999. The objective of this challenge is to review the successes and inferences of geographic information science related to urban and regional planning. This study outlines five areas for the distribution of geographic information science. The development of a geographical database will be helpful for analyzing the planning of combination of geophysical technologies with urban models, the development of planning support systems and facilitating participation in research and education challenges. While scientific advances in building tools are effective in supporting the planning process, little effort has been made on applied guidance in strategic information management. This weakness in the dissemination of the tools of planning limits the application of science for politics and decision making, which is necessary for environmental, social and economic development. The educational process, which is the first important step in technology transfer, contains many challangs, For example, the availability of suitable facilities for the training of planning professionals and other participants in the planning process, and the preparation of the required infrastructure for education and research. Therefore, further research and policy development in the following areas will increase the performance of planning support systems and tools: training and technology transfer, database building, protection and availability, standardization and regulation.
Asghar Zarabi; Yunos Gholami
Volume 19, Issue 75 , November 2010, , Pages 84-91
Abstract
The social and economic changes of recent decades have caused regional imbalances and excessive concentration of facilities in some places and the deprivation of others. To overcome this problem, we need regional and district planning. We aim to provide a suitable model for the balanced distribution ...
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The social and economic changes of recent decades have caused regional imbalances and excessive concentration of facilities in some places and the deprivation of others. To overcome this problem, we need regional and district planning. We aim to provide a suitable model for the balanced distribution of services according to the population of settlements in the area and with consideration of spatial balance. Methodology in this research is a combination of documentary, statistical and analytical methods. In this paper, using Spearman Rank, Morris and 18 variables and indicators in social, cultural, health, etc. matters, we have studied and compared the level of development of villages in the central part of Gonabad city. Findings of this research show that there is a significant relationship between population levels and rural services (with a correlation coefficient of 0.73), Which is a sign of a relative balance in the distribution of services with respect to the population. There is also a direct correlation between the final coefficient of development with population and distance from the center. According to the general analyses, it can be concluded that distance from the city center and environmental constraints are two main factors at the level of development of villages in this section, and therefore, in order to provide better utilization of the services of villagers by residents, it is necessary to improve the rural roads and distribution of services in central parts of villages.
Hakimeh Ghanbari; Mohsen Ahadnejad
Volume 18, Issue 72 , February 2010, , Pages 52-57
Abstract
Geographic information systems (GIS), with the management of transport information sources and the establishment of interconnection with them, facilitate access to traffic and service information. In fact, the goal of creating a GIS for the transportation system is to create a database linking transportation ...
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Geographic information systems (GIS), with the management of transport information sources and the establishment of interconnection with them, facilitate access to traffic and service information. In fact, the goal of creating a GIS for the transportation system is to create a database linking transportation information and GIS. In this paper, we aimed to explain and clarify the practical applications of GIS software in the field of transportation using descriptive-analytical method, and to analyze the locating process of vital facilities and equipment as well as some important uses in East Azarbaijan province relative to the route factor. In this research, the Network Analysis model has been considered as one of the most suitable methods for determining the shortest route for access to facilities or users, and has been implemented in the GIS software to provide access to the use of public parking lots in Tabriz city. The results indicate that GIS is one of the very suitable tools in optimal transportation planning and that Network Analysis model can be employed to determine the shortest and best route in terms of service and availability in transportation planning.
Mahdi Gharkhlou; Mohammad Hossein Janbabanejad Touri
Volume 17, Issue 65 , May 2008, , Pages 35-41
Abstract
Today environmental sustainability and improvement of urban environment are among the main concerns of urban experts and designers, which have become more pronounced in metropolitan areas due to complexity of spaces and functions. To solve this problem, various solutions have been suggested by experts ...
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Today environmental sustainability and improvement of urban environment are among the main concerns of urban experts and designers, which have become more pronounced in metropolitan areas due to complexity of spaces and functions. To solve this problem, various solutions have been suggested by experts whose implementation is not practical due to high costs. Hence, a more convenient way of resolving this problem is to create urban green space. The green space of city, which has both social and environmental efficiency, determines shape of city as a vital factor along with city's body, and it is important to develop it as a solution to the environmental problems. The construction of green space and tree planting across the city have their own standards and regulations that should be considered in their design. In this research, which is of applied type and uses descriptive-analytical method, the degree of acceptability of green space utilization in the city, per capita standards of green space in Iran and the world, existing and applicable standards in the field of tree planting, appropriate standards concerning their density and deploy, as well as rules and regulations related to their design in the urban area are studied.
Hamid Reza Varesi; Mahmud Akbari
Volume 16, Issue 62 , August 2007, , Pages 57-62
Abstract
Geographic information systems and related computer information technologies are commonly used in planning and management in the present era. An important part of the theoretical and methodological support of GIS is rooted in the "quantitative and qualitative" revolution of geography. It is not surprising, ...
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Geographic information systems and related computer information technologies are commonly used in planning and management in the present era. An important part of the theoretical and methodological support of GIS is rooted in the "quantitative and qualitative" revolution of geography. It is not surprising, then, that GIS is often accused of being inherently dependent on "rationalism" and "positivism," so it is not beneficial to use it in planning approaches broader than the merely rational model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GIS on urban and regional planning and it was attempted to examine the following: development of geographic database for analyses related to planning, alignment of ground-spatial technologies with urban models, building planning support systems, facilitating discourse and participation in the planning process, and evaluating planning activities and the impact of technology on them. While scientific advancements in the development of planning support tools have been significant, there has been no considerable effort to provide scientific guidance on strategic information management, establish the information support and decision-making tools, and transfer technology to the planning stage. This shortcoming in the dissemination of planning tools limits the application of science in decision and policy making, a process that is essential for the development of countries aiming at strong economy and healthy communities and environment. This research attempts to study the effects of GIS on urban and regional planning.
Sirous Ghanbari; Arman Ghazi Askari Na'eenei
Volume 14, Issue 56 , February 2005, , Pages 54-60
Abstract
In order to prevent, counteract and reduce the effects of natural disasters such as earthquakes, we have to deal, in addition to technical matters, with crisis management and planning how to deal with crises caused by natural disasters. If the probable problems arising from the crisis are not foreseen, ...
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In order to prevent, counteract and reduce the effects of natural disasters such as earthquakes, we have to deal, in addition to technical matters, with crisis management and planning how to deal with crises caused by natural disasters. If the probable problems arising from the crisis are not foreseen, the cost of reconstruction and repair of damages by the crisis will be very high. Crises caused by natural disasters will have significant socio-mental and economic effects on society. Therefore, recognizing the principles of proper methods of disaster management can be effective in preventing the occurrence or reduction of the negative effects of these incidents and preventing them from becoming social, economic and environmental crises. Therefore, the availability of proper management plans in times of crisis will, on the one hand, strengthen the foundations of society in all fields and, on the other, significantly decrease the amount of financial and life damages and prevent social, economic and environmental collapse.