Mahdi Modiri
Volume 20, Issue 78 , August 2011, , Pages 1-6
Abstract
Methods and tools for decision making by group participation come from different sources. These sources include work on the development of geographic information systems with the aim of improving the decision support capabilities, the technology of group support systems, and theoretical and empirical ...
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Methods and tools for decision making by group participation come from different sources. These sources include work on the development of geographic information systems with the aim of improving the decision support capabilities, the technology of group support systems, and theoretical and empirical studies of its application. Other sources include work on the collecting, The dynamism of logical methods, the research on the human dimensions of groupware and computer network, and GIS reviews as positivist attitudes, the constraints of opinions may lead to the expansion of the discussion and the discourse of decision-making. The enumerated sources provide a variety of decision-making theories that can be generalized as a group-analytic approach. An analytical approach uses mathematical models for structural sections of the decision-making problem, and leaves the non-structural parts to the decision-makers’ discretion. The group approach considers decision making as an evolutionary process, which uses discussion, argumentation, and consensus to explain a non-structured dialogue. The logic of the survey is that both approaches are necessary in a group decision support environment, and in order to effectively support group participation in decision making, analytical tools and collaboration tools must be combined and integrated. In this paper, different types of methods and tools are presented for group decision. Methods and tools for decision making through group participation result from many sources. These sources include working in order to expand GIS with the goal of improving decision support capabilities.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, , Pages 1-80
Abstract
The design of arches in the production of accurate topographic maps such as road geometric design, short-range photogrammetry and medical simulations is based on arch type and in accordance with design goals. What is connected with establishing proper interconnection between design points is very important. ...
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The design of arches in the production of accurate topographic maps such as road geometric design, short-range photogrammetry and medical simulations is based on arch type and in accordance with design goals. What is connected with establishing proper interconnection between design points is very important. The algorithm of linkage between design points, if it is based on the shortest path, leads to a combination of broken lines and, if it is necessary that it have curvature upward or downward, and to what extent, are among the matters that have always been of particular interest to the cartograph engineers, and proportional to users expectation, the Spline, Fitcurve, and TIN methods have been recommended. Each technique has a share in alignment with the user's desire to simulate the surface features. This paper examines the advantages of marking based on nodal spacing for B-Spline curves and provides formulas based on nodal spacing for common B-Spline operations such as node’s degree and derivative. Using a node spacing-based marking, Spline introduces a multi-degree curve that is similar to the B-Spline type and consists of polynomials or with a number of degrees. MD-Splines are a generalization of the B-Spline curve, in the sense that if the curved sections in a MD-Spline have the same degree, MD-Spline will be reduced to a B-Spline curve. This section deals with MD-Splines of grades 1, 2, 3, and also degrees 1 and n. MD-Splines has local support, follows the body, the convex structure and the reduction property of the variation, and is at least of (Cn-1)th degree, in which n is smaller than the degrees of the two parts of the adjacent curve.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 13, Issue 49 , May 2004, , Pages 1-5
Abstract
Geomatic Engineering and sciences include activities that involve obtaining (receiving, collecting, deducing and utilizing), processing (networking, scaling, computing, topological structure and simulation), analysis, display (topography, two-dimensional, three dimensional and animation display) and ...
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Geomatic Engineering and sciences include activities that involve obtaining (receiving, collecting, deducing and utilizing), processing (networking, scaling, computing, topological structure and simulation), analysis, display (topography, two-dimensional, three dimensional and animation display) and spatial information management (modeling and exploitation). Geosciences are not limited to geodesy, photogrammetry, mapping, cartography, geographic information systems (GIS) and cadastre, but include a wide range of environmental and spatial sciences with a variety of career opportunities. The widespread applications of engineering and geomatic sciences demand widespread theoretical and applied research. Geomatic specialists utilize information collection techniques (such as digital imaging and satellite positioning) and advanced computer systems. They play a major role in providing visualization and effective assistance in decision making, and in implementation and control of all construction over, under and above the ground in the following projects. • Design, construction and management of urban engineering projects• Obtaining (collecting and utilizing) information and production of maps and digital charts• Asset management such as land, transport infrastructure and property (by GIS, LIS)• Control of environmental changes and natural resource management (through remote sensing)• Urban planning• Earthquake prediction (through measurements of very slow motion of the Earth),• Control of the safety of various structures, such as stairs, dams, large buildings and towers.• Exploration and engineering for production of gas and oil in different areas• Measuring and controlling sensitive areas
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 1, Issue 3 , August 1991, , Pages 1-64
Abstract
The display of the face of the Earth (map history) has evolved from fantasy and imaginative maps to reality and geometric and graphical precision. The linkage and correlation between mathematical sciences, physics and mathematical geography with surveying and cartography have always had a profound effect ...
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The display of the face of the Earth (map history) has evolved from fantasy and imaginative maps to reality and geometric and graphical precision. The linkage and correlation between mathematical sciences, physics and mathematical geography with surveying and cartography have always had a profound effect on improving the accuracy of measurements, calculations and artistic drawings of the map. Particularly, the introduction of computer, remote sensing, electromagnetic waves and electronics into geography and surveying have not only made familiarity with the face of the earth possible, they also have led to ever-increasing save of costs, time and skilled work forces, while providing with accuracy of measurement and calculation in plotting and preparing maps.
Seyyed Yahya Safavi
Volume 23, SEPEHR , July 2014, , Pages 2-17
Abstract
The Islamic World book series have studied social, political and economic changes and transitions in the Islamic World, especially in strategic areas like Northern Africa, Western Asia, Central Asia, South Western Asia in 2010 and afterward. Now, more than a year has passed on the Islamic Awakening movements ...
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The Islamic World book series have studied social, political and economic changes and transitions in the Islamic World, especially in strategic areas like Northern Africa, Western Asia, Central Asia, South Western Asia in 2010 and afterward. Now, more than a year has passed on the Islamic Awakening movements of the brave, ancient and Muslim nations of Egypt, Libya, Yemen and Bahrain, and people of the world generally do not have comprehensive information about the political system, cultural and economic issues of these countries. Even in some internationally and regionally held conferences with the presence of authorities in Islamic countries, they did not have a comprehensive and strategic view of the huge capabilities of Islamic culture, and the opportunities and threats facing the Islamic World. Therefore, the Islamic World book series are written with an understanding of this needs and reality. The present article investigates “Morocco” which is among the countries discussed in the first book.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 23, Issue 89 , May 2014, , Pages 2-4
Abstract
Geographic sciences address place and people living in it, how it influences people and how it is influenced by them. Geography is about place in different local, national, regional and global scales. Yet, geographers must know that the relation between people and place is not one-dimensional. This relation ...
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Geographic sciences address place and people living in it, how it influences people and how it is influenced by them. Geography is about place in different local, national, regional and global scales. Yet, geographers must know that the relation between people and place is not one-dimensional. This relation is part of a complex network. People in this network need to decide about different issues with different degree of importance. Geographers can only learn about the consequence of these decision making processes, if they know how they were made and how other elements have influenced this decision. Nowadays, the trend of human activities has imposed a particular situation on the world which in many cases has changed into fundamental challenges facing human life. This article refers shortly to three main challenges facing geographers.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 22, Issue 88 , January 2014, , Pages 2-46
Abstract
Explicators believe that noble verses of Surah Al-‘Alaq were among the first verses revealed to the holy prophet of Islam. According to Surah Al-‘Alaq, teaching by pen is considered to be among the God’s attributes (Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous, Verses 3-4). To have a ...
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Explicators believe that noble verses of Surah Al-‘Alaq were among the first verses revealed to the holy prophet of Islam. According to Surah Al-‘Alaq, teaching by pen is considered to be among the God’s attributes (Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous, Verses 3-4). To have a creative and uplifting pen, we have to get acquainted with the value of pen and its high mission. Islam has been revealed to lead human being to peace and friendship, so that human use the pen committedly, travel in the way of perfection, and organize his/her mundane and spiritual life in the light of discovering the world truth and exploring the divine knowledge. Pen expresses human attitudes, beliefs and his understanding of the universe, and thus nurtures and flourishes his logic. Human being contemplates about the system of creation to create an effective work and a lasting memorial. Therefore, pen should be considered as a translation of human mind and heart and a tool for their flourishing and lasting (Nun. By the pen and what they inscribe, Surah Al-Qalam-1). In fact, pen is the original source of all civilizations, development and evolution of sciences, awakening of thoughts and source of guidance and awareness, to the extent that human history is divided into two era: pre historical and historical period. Historical period begins when writing was invented and human being could write down his life adventures. In other words, this is the period in which human starts writing and leaves “what they inscribe”. Pen is the protector of sciences, guardian of thoughts of thinkers, the intellectual connection loop of scholars, the bridge between human past and present, and even the earth and the heavens are also related by pen and tablet. In a system whose culture is its most obvious identity, endeavoring to write, compile and research is the finest and most humanistic form of collective participation. Sepehr has endeavored to take influential scientific and technical steps to develop geography and geomatics and provide necessary conditions to realize exchange of scientific achievements between scholars, teachers and students. With the God’s beneficence, guidance of the editorial board, teachers, scholars and investigators in the armed forces, universities, higher education centers, enthusiasts, and collective efforts of scientific and technical board, Sepehr journal has created an appropriate environment for scientific conversation.
Manoochehr Farajzadeh; Ali Azizi; Hossein Soleymani
Volume 22, Issue 87 , November 2013, , Pages 2-13
Abstract
Direct influence of precipitation on human life and the role it plays in the development of different countries have resulted in an increase in using methods and algorithms for estimating precipitation. A few decades ago, traditional methods were used for predicting precipitation. Then, the presentation ...
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Direct influence of precipitation on human life and the role it plays in the development of different countries have resulted in an increase in using methods and algorithms for estimating precipitation. A few decades ago, traditional methods were used for predicting precipitation. Then, the presentation of meteorological satellite revolutionized this field. Considering the high dispersion of weather stations and rain gauges in developing countries like Iran, free access to images taken by sensors like AVHRR and MODIS is an appropriate opportunity to compensate these deficiencies. We can estimate the volume of water vapor ready to be transformed into precipitation using satellite images, water vapor absorption bands and thermal bands in any time, space, and scale. The algorithms used to estimate precipitation in satellite images are classified into three types- infrared, visible, microwave and a combination of the first two types-based on the sensors’ wave length. Methods based on infrared and visible waves have a good spatial and temporal resolution, while microwaves-based methods measure precipitation directly. Yet, these techniques contain many weaknesses, especially in low earth orbits. Combined techniques are used to compensate these weaknesses. Microwave images are not receivable in Iran, thus we cannot take advantage of microwaves and combined methods. As a result, the present article focuses mainly on visible and infrared wave length.
Alireza Sheykholeslami; Masum Dusti; Maryam Beyranvandzadeh; Ebrahim Rostam Gurani
Volume 22, SEPEHR , July 2013, , Pages 2-6
Abstract
For various reasons, including industrial revolution, socioeconomic, cultural and political dependence,modernism, unmethodical following of Western models, etc., The spatial organization of our country's settlements has undergone a number of complex, sweeping changes so that in a few decades, its formerly ...
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For various reasons, including industrial revolution, socioeconomic, cultural and political dependence,modernism, unmethodical following of Western models, etc., The spatial organization of our country's settlements has undergone a number of complex, sweeping changes so that in a few decades, its formerly traditional state with certain rules has become polarized, multiple, unbalanced, inefficient, heterogeneous, and backward. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the spatial organization of North Khorasan Province.Using the models of entropy coefficient, stratigraphical, urban first and Arthur Smilies model,it investigates and analyzes the urban system of North Khorasan province during the last decade. The results of the research show that the urban network of the province is relatively orderly, due to the sovereignty of the middle and small cities in the province.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 22, SEPEHR , April 2013, , Pages 2-12
Abstract
Information is the main ingredient of scientific research and an efficacious research depends on information processing. Naturally, such a tool and environment with such dimensions and features creates fundamental changes in the realm of scientific researches.
Geographic information system (GIS) provides ...
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Information is the main ingredient of scientific research and an efficacious research depends on information processing. Naturally, such a tool and environment with such dimensions and features creates fundamental changes in the realm of scientific researches.
Geographic information system (GIS) provides an appropriate context for the simulation of any situation and space. It also creates the necessary 3d environment for the constant investigation and evaluation of urban plans with its analytic ability in modelling. Except for data used in the analysis of environmental and systematic information, other geographic information will be integrated into the selected site model according to the subject. As an instance, information necessary for urban management includes:
Digital aerial imagery and satellite pictures, precipitation data and isohyet points, information about humid and arid lands, soil and its resistance, map of radiologic pollution, water/soil/weather pollution, digital earth model (DEM), vegetation and typology, topographic information and slope, population information and density, access network information, digitalized information of infrastructure and facilities, the situation of watersheds and aquifers in the area (identifying streams and rivers), ground and underground waters, geologic and geotectonic situation of the area, information related to the known faults in the area.
Other information like water table information, depth of underground water, geography of surface, etc. are evaluated according to the subject and used in urban planning, locating, designing and constructing.
After collecting the mentioned information, saving and organizing are performed in GIS environment and data base platform.
In geographic information systems, spatial data and descriptive information are stored as a coverage for vector and raster data. Features of each information model should be considered before being integrated in the selected site system.
The structure of geographic information base is constructed in 2 different ways:
a) Stratification of information, spatial model of data digitalization, overlapping
b) Objective method based on spatial position of the phenomena, smartification of the phenomena
In the process of evolution, automation reached from digital production of graphical elements and the ability to integrate, aggregate, regulate, correct, distinguish and synchronize to create spatial and geographic data base and smartification of the graphic components. So that in addition to the ability of producing digital information, it has the necessary conditions for selection and logical decision making.
Hosseyn Hataminejad; Roohollah Mohammadi
Volume 21, SEPEHR , February 2013, , Pages 2-7
Abstract
An approach to sustainable form of city
Abstract
Sustainable development is a modern concept which has been propounded widely by linking different dimensions of development (economic, cultural, political and social) and focusing on climatic considerations and environment protection. On the other hand ...
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An approach to sustainable form of city
Abstract
Sustainable development is a modern concept which has been propounded widely by linking different dimensions of development (economic, cultural, political and social) and focusing on climatic considerations and environment protection. On the other hand since 1960s, urban designing has attracted the attention of many scholars working in the field of visual space beautification and those who sought to increase environmental responsibility among managers. Therefore, the present article first explains “development” as a classic and sustainable notion, urban development policies and urban sustainability index. Then, it introduces and analyzes new patterns of “sustainable development” as the foundations of urban sustainable development and a tool by which governments can reach goals of sustainable development. In fact, this is an introduction to the discussions of urban sustainable construction and form, based on which some urban models related to the sustainability of modern cities are proposed.
Key words: sustainable development, urban sustainable development, urban designing, urban destiny, urban agriculture.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 21, Issue 83 , November 2012, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
Earth has many different characteristics and measuring its physical features is a key step in many applications. With the development of different sensors, measuring different aspects of these phenomena has been made possible. With these sensors, we can collect necessary data considering different objects ...
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Earth has many different characteristics and measuring its physical features is a key step in many applications. With the development of different sensors, measuring different aspects of these phenomena has been made possible. With these sensors, we can collect necessary data considering different objects and reach useful information by their processing.
Satellite imagery is used in different applications as an economic and easily accessed digital information resource. Multi-spectral and hyperspectral imageries make an important part of satellite imageries. Multi spectral images are produced by sensors which calculate energy reflected from ground surface just in a few bands of electromagnetic spectra. Images produced by hyperspectral sensors measure reflected radiations in a series of long and connected bands. Hyperspectral sensors are the most powerful imaging sensors regarding spectral resolution and their images consist of information in more than 100 spectral bands.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 21, Issue 82 , September 2012, , Pages 2-6
Abstract
Imageries received from aerial hyperspectral or satellite sensors record reflected data from earth surface in more than a hundred spectral bands. Hyperspectral imageries are used in different applications and different methods have been proposed and developed to extract data from these imageries. Diagnosing ...
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Imageries received from aerial hyperspectral or satellite sensors record reflected data from earth surface in more than a hundred spectral bands. Hyperspectral imageries are used in different applications and different methods have been proposed and developed to extract data from these imageries. Diagnosing inconspicuous features or anomaly detecting is one of the most important methods in extracting data from hyperspectral imageries.
The basic idea in designing hyperspectral sensors is based on the response each element shows in different sections of electromagnetic spectrum. Each element shows a specific reflective response in different sections of electromagnetic spectrum based on its own molecular structure. Different elements and materials show unique reflective response in similar situations.
Hyperspectral imageries have diverse and varied applications, among which we can refer to environmental monitoring, agricultural application, identifying unexpected events, geology, mines exploration and urban and regional studies.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 21, Issue 81 , April 2012, , Pages 2-8
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 20, Issue 80 , February 2012, , Pages 2-6
Abstract
Simulation is the most appropriate urban design and planning environment and presents a unique field of study in urban models in urban development projects. The use of mathematics and quantitative and qualitative models has always been a concern for urban planners. Modeling phenomena and urban dynamic ...
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Simulation is the most appropriate urban design and planning environment and presents a unique field of study in urban models in urban development projects. The use of mathematics and quantitative and qualitative models has always been a concern for urban planners. Modeling phenomena and urban dynamic elements is usually confronted with technological constraints and difficulties. Each of the graphical models (structural and vector-based models) has some shortcomings in the simulation of dynamic urban phenomena. This paper intends to examine the limitations of cell-axis models in a simulation system and provide a new model for integrating vector-based spatial model with the cellular system.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 20, Issue 79 , November 2011, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
Decision-making is the most important challenge facing experts and specialists in solving the problems of broad urban and regional planning. Multi-criteria decision-making issues usually include a set of location situations that should be evaluated based on several different criteria. Group approach ...
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Decision-making is the most important challenge facing experts and specialists in solving the problems of broad urban and regional planning. Multi-criteria decision-making issues usually include a set of location situations that should be evaluated based on several different criteria. Group approach considers decision making as an evolutionary process, which uses discussion, argumentation, and consensus of a discussion to describe question. The logic of the survey is to conduct a collective decision in an environment. In order to effectively support group participation in decision making, the tools of analysis and collaboration should be integrated and consistent. In connection with the importance and role of decision making, various methods have been introduced to support decision making and their efficiency and effectiveness have always been considered. The processes and analyses of multi-criteria decision making in GIS can be considered as a process that combines location data and evaluation values together.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 20, Issue 77 , May 2011, , Pages 2-9
Abstract
The production of urban maps by photogrammetric method, utilizing the automation of all stages and processes, including relative justification, is very important. Despite the many advances made in digital photogrammetry, there is still no reliable way to perform automatic relative justification operation ...
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The production of urban maps by photogrammetric method, utilizing the automation of all stages and processes, including relative justification, is very important. Despite the many advances made in digital photogrammetry, there is still no reliable way to perform automatic relative justification operation (ARO) on large-scale images of urban areas. In many research and development centers in the world, extensive efforts are being made to secure a consistent formulation for the matching of mapping process. Here, a method is examined and suggested that is special in some ways and is done using linear shear and edge features, surface correspondence and relative justification. This method, in the situation where the correspondence is normal, estimates the parameters of the mathematical model for the feature of two data sets of the feature. When relative justification is used, a single-page model is used to connect the pixels of the selected edges, or, a pair of consecutive images is used for the points of features. In implementing this method, the relative justification parameters are applied, by using a single-page model to evaluate all of the proper image couple, inputs and selection of the most probable solution, in order. As a result, a feature adaptation technique used to resolve the parameter is directly determined.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 19, Issue 76 , February 2011, , Pages 2-9
Abstract
Digital orthophoto contains maps and geometric features of the map, and is accordingly able to: 1) As a source of spatial geography, be complemented by descriptive information. 2) Provide a base on which other data are recorded and adjusted. 3) The results of using it will be available to match landscapes. ...
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Digital orthophoto contains maps and geometric features of the map, and is accordingly able to: 1) As a source of spatial geography, be complemented by descriptive information. 2) Provide a base on which other data are recorded and adjusted. 3) The results of using it will be available to match landscapes. In many countries, digital orthophoto is an important part of the graphic documentation, and is used at strategic levels, which provides appropriate cartographic features on a national scale. Digital orthophoto has a strong potential for analyzing the geographic information system (GIS) data. Not only is orthophoto a layer of information, but the connection of orthophoto digital data presents a new perspective to automatic extraction of positional data (point, line, and surface) and altitude information. A large-scale orthophoto is prepared with a great deal of details, and makes the revision of many of information layers possible, and in some cases, plays a background role and is used to represent the position of elevation features. Therefore, large-scale satellite orthophoto has, in many cases, overcome the defects of orthophoto and, in accordance with the scale of study and urban planning, presents a valuable efficiency in detecting buildings hidden among complexes and high-rise buildings.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 19, Issue 75 , November 2010, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
Continuous modeling and monitoring of urban environmental quality (urban environmental supervision) requires updated and continuous information regarding the heat distribution model, contamination, population, security, industry and crisis management. Remote sensing is a technology that uses a series ...
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Continuous modeling and monitoring of urban environmental quality (urban environmental supervision) requires updated and continuous information regarding the heat distribution model, contamination, population, security, industry and crisis management. Remote sensing is a technology that uses a series of distant measurements without any physical contact, providing useful and applicable information in accordance with various urban planning environments. The basis of remote sensing is to measure and record the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere and the earth's surface from a remote distance, by special means called sensor, which is installed on different platforms. The sensors are divided into active and passive groups, depending on whether they themselves are the energy source or register energy reflection. LIDAR is one of the active technologies that provides special solutions for access to the information needed for urban studies and planning. LIDAR, in comparison with other remote sensors, whose source of energy is the sun and which practice imaging during the day, can collect urban data at different times of the night, and with this feature, provides access to the information required by the transportation planning, traffic, population estimates, employment, and environmental quality assessment.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 19, Issue 74 , August 2010, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
The environmental quality of the city is a dynamic and multifaceted conception that addresses the possible natural and human factors in different spatial scales. Satellite information is the only suitable source of information in order to achieve the continuous dynamic characteristics of urban environments ...
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The environmental quality of the city is a dynamic and multifaceted conception that addresses the possible natural and human factors in different spatial scales. Satellite information is the only suitable source of information in order to achieve the continuous dynamic characteristics of urban environments in cities. However, until recently, satellite sensors were not able to record and display details of urban areas. Since urban information systems require high resolution data, aerial photography has been used as standard image input. In any case, the invention of new satellites with multi-spectral and high-resolution sensors (1 meter or less for Quick Bird, Ikonos satellites) and digital aerial scanners with excellent geometric characteristics and appropriate spatial resolution in scale of centimeters, has challenged the technology of analog aerial photography. High-resolution multispectral sensors and digital photographs, along with the location and coordinate data of the global positioning system and automatic navigation systems, create the conditions for updating the database of GIS. Another source of three-dimensional information for modeling is the sensors with laser scans that produce relatively accurate, high-quality altitude information. The paper focuses on the process of the development, the description of spectral combination techniques and the specifications of the images in order to properly assess the urban quality and environment.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 19, Issue 73 , May 2010, , Pages 2-33
Abstract
Once the human being limited the breadth of the earth to his own area of vision, and wherever he had been born, he lived all his life there and maybe for hundreds of thousands of years his knowledge did not exceed that of the world around him. Apparently from the very first days, humanity, in order ...
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Once the human being limited the breadth of the earth to his own area of vision, and wherever he had been born, he lived all his life there and maybe for hundreds of thousands of years his knowledge did not exceed that of the world around him. Apparently from the very first days, humanity, in order to not forget, or to transfer information about the earth to his children, has probably made various lines and motifs on the walls of his cave or whatever type of residence. Thus, according to the historians, the germ of two important modern knowledge has been formed by the first human being, one obtaining information about the earth's surface, that is, geography, and the other the recording of information about the earth in the form of lines and images, in other words, a map which is cartographic, and these two human knowledge have become so closely connected from the very beginning that they are actually considered interdependent, and with such a firmness that the existence of one without the other is not imagined as possible. In the course of the evolution of automation, the real shift from mapping to creating spatial databases was a very attractive and valuable beginning, and provided an effective presence of cartography in all stages of study, planning, preparation of operational plans, implementation and evaluation. The main role of automation is in creating a spatial database, which is in response to a variety of needs of earth’s applied science and technology and of building structures. Creating a map is one of the dozens of possibilities provided by spatial database. The Internet is a very important tool that has played a major role in receiving and disseminating information over the past few years. The global communications network delivers and publishes the most recent news concerning geographic data. In this process, the map has an essential position and has a multi-purpose function. Maps can play their historical role in providing information for geographic plans and their conditions.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 18, Issue 72 , February 2010, , Pages 2-10
Abstract
The environmental data of remote sensing is the basis of the preparation of maps and information with appropriate quality for the assessment of the change and evolution of the urban dynamic environment, which provides awareness of changes of details in relation to the characteristics of the studied area ...
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The environmental data of remote sensing is the basis of the preparation of maps and information with appropriate quality for the assessment of the change and evolution of the urban dynamic environment, which provides awareness of changes of details in relation to the characteristics of the studied area and effective parameters. The methods of combining the multiple parameters with other factors into one index have been studied, but due to the lack of criteria for precise evaluation, only general conclusions can be made. However, the large and significant correlation obtained from Combined GIS Method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicate the compatibility between these two methods.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 18, Issue 70 , August 2009, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
The old cadastral maps present the geographic form of the divided land and record relevant information about them. These maps were usually depicted on A4 or A3 size papers, and only show cadastral information, related to the blocks of small towns. In recent times, many countries in the world have, in ...
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The old cadastral maps present the geographic form of the divided land and record relevant information about them. These maps were usually depicted on A4 or A3 size papers, and only show cadastral information, related to the blocks of small towns. In recent times, many countries in the world have, in implementation of cadastral plans, produced new cadastral maps, and, based on multiple purposes, use the scale of 1: 1000, 1: 2000 and 1: 2500. Japan, for example, has set a new cadastral map scale of 1: 2,500. (iaoyong C, 1999) Rebuilding and editing old cadastre to be prepared for adding new cadastral plan requires generalization operation and editing process. Here, we present an algorithm for automatic generalization of old cadastral maps based on comparative drawing, and by mentioning a practical example, the efficiency of the algorithm is determined.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 18, Issue 69 , May 2009, , Pages 2-12
Abstract
Map generalization, in accordance with different needs of users, is carried out using a multi-scale database. Such production is based on the analysis of map preparation requirements according to users’ needs, and indicates different requests and limitations of user’s desirable cartography.
In ...
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Map generalization, in accordance with different needs of users, is carried out using a multi-scale database. Such production is based on the analysis of map preparation requirements according to users’ needs, and indicates different requests and limitations of user’s desirable cartography.
In this paper, the process of generalization is expressed as a function of a non-generalized universal set to a generalized target set. Both these sets are defined by the ground-space qualities. The universal set keeps certain qualities including geometric, topological and non-space (like compound) qualities. These characteristics must be preserved by using generalization and so, the target set follows the qualities of universal set. Keeping these qualities unchanged causes that the generalization function preserve a state of consistency between the two collections with ground-space signs. Constant qualities are recorded and are found out as a result with consistent emphases. Consistent emphases bring about a state of consistency from a series of generalized information as a support for the structure of generalization function.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 17, Issue 68 , February 2008, , Pages 2-8
Abstract
In order to conduct spatial analysis of clustering, the principles and characteristics of genetic algorithms are utilized. The present paper presents a new method of spatial analysis of clustering based on genetic algorithm. The results of the scientific and practical experiments show that this method ...
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In order to conduct spatial analysis of clustering, the principles and characteristics of genetic algorithms are utilized. The present paper presents a new method of spatial analysis of clustering based on genetic algorithm. The results of the scientific and practical experiments show that this method can maintain the overall characteristic of distribution and obtain an appropriate result.
