Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, School of Geography, University of Tehran

2 Assistant Professor, School of Mapping

3 Assistant Professor, Mapping Group, University of Tehran

4 Student, GIS group , University of Tehran

Abstract

Human beings have spent many decades trying to confront and overcome the nature. This is a continuous confrontation and fight against the nature whose unbounded forces enlarge and result in more catastrophes every day. Recently, this endeavor and fighting have appeared much more useful, due to the scientific development and related communication and information strategies in crisis management.
In competitive environment, survival depends on not being taken by surprise and success is the reward of taking someone by surprise. Therefore, the necessity of being prepared and having a coherent plan to fight natural forces in the context of crisis management is obvious. The present study tries to define crisis along with its different forms and investigate factors which result in the importance of these phenomenon in human societies. Moreover, it introduces concepts of crisis management and its different phases while defining Telegeoinformatics sciences. Finally, a Telegeoinformatic structure was proposed to launch crisis management system

Keywords

1.  صمدزادگان فرهاد، عباسپوررحیم‌علی و پرهام پهلوانی، 1386، "به کارگیری سیستم‌های اطلاعات مکانی در مکان یابی امکان استقرار شهروندان در حوادث طبیعی بر مبنای نظریه فازی"، مدیریت سوانح طبیعی، قطب علمی مهندسی نقشه برداری و مقابله با سوانح طبیعی، دانشکده فنی دانشگاه تهران، جلد اول 172-178.
2.  ملک محمدرضا و شمس الملوک علی آبادی، 1386،”مدیریت امداد در شهرها به کمک سیستم اطلاعات مکانی همراه» همایش GISشهری، دانشگاه شمال، ص 1-11.
3.  ناطقی الهی فریبرز، 1379، «مدیریت بحران ابر شهرها»، انتشارات وزارت امور خارجه، تهران، چاپ اول، ص 222.
4.  نیسانی سامانی نجمه، دلاور محمود رضا و محمد رضا ملک، 1386، «طراحی و پیاده سازی یک سیستم راهیابی شاخص مبنا با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات مکانی همراه جهت مدیریت بحران زمین لرزه"، مدیریت سوانح طبیعی، قطب علمی مهندسی نقشه برداری و مقابله با سوانح طبیعی، دانشکده فنی دانشگاه تهران، جلد 2، ص 169-184.
5.  کارشناسان مرکز تحقیقات و مسکن، 1368، “سوانح، پیشگیری و امداد»، مرکز تحقیقات و مسکن، تهران، چاپ اول، ص 325.
6- Anand S Arya, Anup Karanth and Ankush Agarwal, 2006,  HAZARDS, DISASTERS AND YOUR COMMUNITY , Report of GoI-UNDP Disaster Risk Management Programme National Disaster Management Division,Emergency Management Australia, ISBN 1 921152 01 X, pp. 73.
7- Bertrand Albala I.M., 1993,  Political Economy of Large Natural Disaster , Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 47.
8- Cova, T.J,1999,. GIS in Emergency Management , In Geographic Information Systems, Application and Management. P.A. Longly, M.F. Goodchchild, D.L.Rhind, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 845-858. 
9- EL-Gamily I.H., Selim G. and E.A. Hermas, 2010,  Wireless mobile field-based GIS science and technology for crisis management process: A case study of a fire event, Cairo, Egypt , The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences,13. pp. 21 29.
11-      International Disaster Database (EM-DAT) (http://www.em-dat.net).
12-      Johnson Russ, 2000,  GIS Technology for Disaster and Emergency Management , An ESRI white paper, pp. 12.
13-      Karimi Hassan and Amin Hammad, 2004,  Telegeoinformatics Location-Based Computing and Services , CRC Press LLC, ISBN,1-50107-203-0  pp. 319.
14-      Keith H., Cameron, 1994, An International Company s Approach to Managing Major Incident , BP International Ltd, Journal of Disaster Prevention and Management. Volume 3 Number 2, pp. 61-67.
15-      Mansourian, Ali, 2005,  Development of an SDI Conceptual Model and Web-based GIS to Facilitate Disaster Management , PhD Thesis, Faculty of Geodesy & Geomatics Eng., K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
16-      Mobaraki Ali, Mansourian Ali, Malek MommadReza and Hamid Mohammadi, 2006,  Application of  Mobile GIS and SDI for Emergency Management ,  ISPRS Commission Technique I. Symposium, Marne-la-Vallée, FRANCE, pp. 95-100 .
17-      Montoya,Lorena, 2002,  GIS and Remote Sensing in Urban Disaster Management ,5th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science, Palma (Balearic Islands, Spain), pp. 4.
18-      Rahman Alias Abdul and Sisi Zlatanova, 2006,  Pre-Hospital Location Based Services (LBS) For Emergency Management , In: E. Fendel, M. Rumor, (Eds.); Proceedings Of UDMS'06 Aalborg, pp.11.49-11.57.
19-      The VUSSC Team, 2006,  Introduction to Disaster Management , Virtual University for Small States of the Commonwealth (VUSSC), (Disaster Management, Version 1.0), Vancouver, Canada, pp. 193.
20-      Xueming Bai, Fuyuan Xia, Jun Liu, Daipeng Song, Deyun Yang, 2012,  Mobile Game Design and Implementation Based on J2ME Technology , International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials Science, pp. 1149-1154.
21-      YAO Hao-weia, DONG Wen-lia, LIANG Dong, Arnd Rogner and LAI Jing-weid, 2011,  Application of GIS on Emergency Rescue , The 5th Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 11, pp.185-188.