Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Geography at Tarbiat Modares University
2 Master of Engineering Geology at Tarbiat Modares University
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Tarbiat-e-Mo'allem University of Sabzevar
Abstract
Aggregates are part of building materials including hard materials such as sand, gravel and rubble, which, after being combined with other adhesive materials, can be used in the production of concrete, mortar and plaster, and in the construction of roads and railways, Bridges, tunnels, dams, airports, and other construction purposes. The present study investigates the formation, dispersion and distribution of aggregates in relation to landforms and geomorphologic processes. The result of this study is that a large part of aggregate resources are formed in river landforms or alluvial environments such as the current and old river basins, the intersection of the rivers, the new alluvial terraces, and parts of the alluvial fans.
In glacial environments, forms such as alluvial ice plains, kames and eskers are considered as among prone areas for the formation and exploration of aggregates. In coastal areas, continental shelf sediments and littoral drift and some ancient geomorphological forms, and dunes in the desert areas are capable of exploring aggregate resources.
In erosional anticlines or anticline ridges that are hard at the top and loose at the bottom, there are large zones of debris that, if fresh or poorly weathered, can be a very good source for extraction of aggregates.
Also, geomorphologic processes such as weathering, erosion and transportation of materials, physical and chemical degradation, as well as tectonic factors and geomorphologic changes play very important role in the formation, dispersion and quality of aggregates and building materials.
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