Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Hamid Reza Varesi ¹
• Hosein Ali Kazemi ²

¹ Member of Faculty, Department of Geography, University of Isfahan

² Master of Geography and Urban Planning

Abstract

New cities are newly-built settlements that lack the previous initial core, built on a pre-designed plan and structure, with thousands of years of history in the world.
Indeed, it can be argued that the discussion of new cities is as old as urban history, but the idea of creating new cities in its classical and extensive form should be sought in the early twentieth century. The Theory of New Cities is inspired by various theories, and Ebenezer Howard has been recognized as its main theorist.
The industrial revolution and its consequences led to the expansion of urbanization and acceleration of urbanization, especially in mother cities, which have faced serious problems through industrial developments and expansion of capitalism in large cities. In developing countries, with increasing population growth, especially urban population, numerous problems have appeared. Disproportionate distribution of population across the countries and mass concentration of population in large cities has led to problems such as housing shortage, marginal settlement, high population density, traffic congestion, air pollution, destruction of agricultural lands around large cities, etc., which call for special measures.
One of the measures was to create new cities to reduce major problems and organize the space in those areas. In fact, the goals and strategies of the new cities are often based on demographic decentralization. The urbanization process in our country has also been influenced by the developments and dominance of capitalism and has been steadily increasing over the past decades. The urban area of ​​Isfahan is not isolated from the situation of the urbanization system of the country and has high urbanization coefficients which has led to numerous consequences and problems in the region.
In order to reduce these problems, absorption of population overflows of this city and settling the employees of the industrial sector in the region have been reviewed and creation of new cities has been confirmed. Shahr Jadid Baharestan (the New City of Baharestan) is considered as the main basis for this paper, which has been examined and evaluated through different frameworks.

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