Mahdi Modiri
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 2-8
Abstract
In automatic cartography, information output systems constitute a very important part. Information technology and output methods always go through their evolution according to mapping goals, and the role of information output is such that contrary to classic cartography, it is not the end of mapping ...
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In automatic cartography, information output systems constitute a very important part. Information technology and output methods always go through their evolution according to mapping goals, and the role of information output is such that contrary to classic cartography, it is not the end of mapping process, but a beginning to a variety of applications of digital maps and an emphasis on the scientific-engineering role of surveying and cartography engineers at stages of map utilization (design, implementation, supervision and control of projects).
Hamid Malmirian (Translator)
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 9-18
Abstract
The progress made over the past three decades in cartography, remote sensing and geographic information systems is due to the necessity of establishing new connections among currently specified technical regulations. Great efforts have been made to realize desirable collection of various cartographic ...
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The progress made over the past three decades in cartography, remote sensing and geographic information systems is due to the necessity of establishing new connections among currently specified technical regulations. Great efforts have been made to realize desirable collection of various cartographic data and more successful utilization of remote sensing data of regional and international data banks.
The importance of remote sensing as an environmental information sub-system has significantly increased by launch of a number of new satellites equipped with electronic sensors and images able to present data and pictures from physical and human elements of earth’s atmosphere.
Cartographic display of spatial and temporal changes of the earth’s elements is the most important goal of thematic cartography. This goal has been confirmed by many cases of planning for map preparation on global, regional and local scales. Thematic map production has been recognized by many associations as a vital task in exploration of underground resources and environmental management and planning. The rapid progress of satellite systems has led to expansion of remote sensing and its applications in cartographic and map-completion activities.
The connection between cartography, remote sensing and geographic information systems can be indicated in various ways. It seems that the Fig.1-1 reflects the connection among the three systems without presence of special governing regulations.
Khosro Khajeh (Translator)
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 19-22
Abstract
This paper examines the main technological aspects of digital models of elevation points and digital orthophotos using the Russian satellite’s photos. Satellite images of (TK-350) and (TVR-1000) propose an economic attitude that makes access to such digital photos possible.
The basis of this theory ...
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This paper examines the main technological aspects of digital models of elevation points and digital orthophotos using the Russian satellite’s photos. Satellite images of (TK-350) and (TVR-1000) propose an economic attitude that makes access to such digital photos possible.
The basis of this theory is that common photogrammetric processing of images is carried out based on navigational data. In this way, there is no longer any need for ground control points, and (TK-350) small-scale images are used as the metric basis for creating (DEM), and also the (TVR-1000) large-scale images contain thematic information for access to ground reference and have been designed for ortho production, and in this way the characteristics of precision of digital products are determined.
In recent years, Russia has vastly introduced the (TK-350) and (TVR-1000) satellite images into global markets. The unique characteristics of these images have distinguished them in global arena due to economic advantages in preparation of maps of vast areas. These two images make production of earth’s digital maps with a precision comparable to 1:50000 maps and large-scale topographic maps possible.
Seyyed Vahid Taghavi (Translator)
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 23-41
Abstract
At first look it seems that the color of starts is of no consequence, but these colors are indeed very meaningful. They show the temperature of the surface of stars and sometimes the state of their atmosphere as well. The temperature of the surface of stars contain implications about conditions of their ...
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At first look it seems that the color of starts is of no consequence, but these colors are indeed very meaningful. They show the temperature of the surface of stars and sometimes the state of their atmosphere as well. The temperature of the surface of stars contain implications about conditions of their depths, and can help us measure related distances. The color can also reveal the position of a star in its group.
Modern technology has opened a new window to the universe, and has made precise observation of stars possible.
The new method provided by photography has led us to new ideas about stars and galaxies and has given a new life to the science of star photometry. There are serious contradictions between the measurements of quality and quantity of stars’ light based on records and what can be seen in images.
Mahdi Modiri
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 42-49
Abstract
Here, in order to facilitate the reader’s study of the journal, a thematic index of papers published in this journal has been prepared and provided here according to ten subjects (general, natural geography, human and economic geography, urban and rural studies, cartography, terrestrial surveying ...
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Here, in order to facilitate the reader’s study of the journal, a thematic index of papers published in this journal has been prepared and provided here according to ten subjects (general, natural geography, human and economic geography, urban and rural studies, cartography, terrestrial surveying and geodesy, aerial photography and photogrammetry, remote sensing and satellite information, geographic information systems (GIS) and Earth in space), and the title, author or translator, issue and page of each paper have been introduced in order to ease researchers’ access to papers relevant to their interests.
Reza Mo'menzadeh
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 50-57
Abstract
This research studies the trend of political development of Islam in one of the most sensitive points, namely Balkan. The main question we deal with here is this: how can the interests of Islamic World be fulfilled in this area, considering potential and actual facilities of Muslims and the political ...
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This research studies the trend of political development of Islam in one of the most sensitive points, namely Balkan. The main question we deal with here is this: how can the interests of Islamic World be fulfilled in this area, considering potential and actual facilities of Muslims and the political developments recently affecting Muslims in this area?
The Balkan Peninsula is one of the crisis-prone areas of today’s world. The crises of this area have different roots and in will be a mistake to ascribe all of them to the conflict between the West and Islam. This research does not look for roots of all crises, but limits itself to Islamic development and the crises emerged due to this phenomenon.
The complexities of this task are clear to any researcher and student, because if we don’t consider different aspects completely and through a systematic approach, the study’s results and conclusion will be certainly wrong. Consequently, it has been tried in this research to present a brief description of geographic and historical conditions of the area; this provides us with information concerning the process of entrance of Islam to this area and people’s reaction to it, and thus makes our systematic analysis concerning Balkan crises easier and helps us predict future crises in the area and find answer for the main question of this research.
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 58-60
Abstract
An introduction to of the book “Atlas of Islam’s History”, published by the Geographic Organization of Armed Forces, selected as Iran’s “Book of the Year”.
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An introduction to of the book “Atlas of Islam’s History”, published by the Geographic Organization of Armed Forces, selected as Iran’s “Book of the Year”.
Fatemeh Razi'ee
Volume 7, Issue 25 , May 1998, Pages 61-64
Abstract
In January 17, 1995, five hours after occurrence of the greatest earthquake that crushed the city of Kobe (a coastal city of Japan), photographic airplanes flew over the damaged areas. They took about two thousand aerial photos from an area of about five thousand square kilometers including Kobe, Awaji ...
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In January 17, 1995, five hours after occurrence of the greatest earthquake that crushed the city of Kobe (a coastal city of Japan), photographic airplanes flew over the damaged areas. They took about two thousand aerial photos from an area of about five thousand square kilometers including Kobe, Awaji and Osaka.At the same time (right after occurrence of earthquake in Kobe), a group was formed and led by Dr. Okamoto in earthquake research committee of the Geotechnical Association of Japan which started supervision and direction of identification and obtainment of data from the region using photos prepared by photographic airplanes from the area before and after the earthquake. The duty of this group was to design and propose a new system for area’s assessment and surveying that would carry out the area’s zoning, aerial triangulation, measurement and surveying, digital photography, system of receiving three-dimensional ground data and combination of archived infrastructural data. Using 117,000 photos taken by stereoscopic method as well as a hundred photos taken through direct photography from an area of about twenty-five thousand square kilometers, the photos of rebuilding information system were combined and this system was thus prepared.
