Volume 32 (2023)
Volume 31 (2022)
Volume 30 (2021)
Volume 29 (2020)
Volume 28 (2019)
Volume 27 (2018)
Volume 26 (2017)
Volume 25 (2016)
Volume 24 (2015)
Volume 23 (2014)
Volume 22 (2013)
Volume 21 (2012)
Volume 20 (2011)
Volume 19 (2010)
Volume 18 (2009)
Volume 17 (2008)
Volume 16 (2007)
Volume 15 (2006)
Volume 14 (2005)
Volume 13 (2004)
Volume 12 (2003)
Volume 11 (2002)
Volume 10 (2001)
Volume 9 (2000)
Volume 8 (1999)
Volume 7 (1998)
Volume 6 (1997)
Volume 5 (1996)
Volume 4 (1995)
Volume 3 (1994)
Volume 2 (1992-1993)
Volume 1 (1990-1992)
Number of Articles: 11
Note
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 2-3
Abstract
Any information system can be simply a manual system or a complex computer one. In a general view, information systems that are used in different ways seem to be diverse. But in fact all have a common goal, which is to provide a conventional method for collecting, storing, processing and providing ... Read MoreIntroduction to GPS
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 4-11
Abstract
GPS (or Global Positioning System) is a NAVATAR (or Navigation System Using Time and Distance). This system is being developed by the U.S. Department of Defense. The creation of this system has begun since 1973 by combining the U.S. Air and Navy Forces’ projects. The plan of these two projects ... Read MoreGeo-Spatial Positioning System
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 12-19
Abstract
Considering the advancements in GPS technology and applications of this important tool in the world, having a knowledge of the different ways of positioning by this system seems essential. The high precision of this system and its universality are reasons for utilization of this system in all surveying, ... Read MoreGravimetry Using the Aristoteles Satellite
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 20-24
Abstract
Anyone who has not seen photos of astronauts in suspended state on their spaceships is aware that many biological, chemical or medical experiments (for example, on the Spacelabs) have been carried out in a weightless state. Specifically, this weightlessness occurs at the point of the center of gravity ... Read MoreAround the World (Earth's Landscape From Space)
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 25-31
Abstract
Put the images of this article at a distance of 45 cm from your eyes. Each of them shows half of the earth exactly the same size as the Earth looks from a distance of about 40,000 kilometers in space. However, no astronaut will ever see the Earth in this way, since in this images the cover of cloud ... Read MoreEvolution of GIS (3)
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 32-35
Abstract
Over the past twenty-eight years, the GIS computer technology has undergone tremendous changes and advancements along with software developments and variety of analytical methods, and also in terms of scope, quality of products and operating costs. These vast changes have been observed in recent research ... Read MoreAbout the "Parau" Cave in Kermanshah Province - Part III
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 36-37
Abstract
The layers that are formed due to recurrent erosion, the active and eliminated stalagmites, and the various clefts of the ceiling altogether show the long time and complex process of formation of Parau cave. The following may represent only a summary of the cause of existence and the qualities of the ... Read MoreA Method For Optimization of Surveying Network
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 40-43
Abstract
This paper describes the determination of the weighted matrix of observations through variance and co-variance matrices. In this paper, a new method is proposed that can solve the design problem of a "suitable criteria matrix". This method is similar to the least squares adjustment of surveying observations ... Read MoreUtilization of Potential Advantages of Digital Photogrammetry Through Providing Practical Examples
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 44-49
Abstract
In this paper methods of exploiting the potential advantages of digital photogrammetry are discussed with both their functional and practical aspects. In the first case, a simple but effective way to improve the contrast of image based on grading the whole picture to desired brightness levels instead ... Read MoreCentral Asia (East of the Caspian Sea) - General Geography
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 50-58
Abstract
In geographic studies, attention to the geographical position of each place, which determines its status in relation to other important centers in different political, economic, military, and cultural dimensions, as well as its mathematical position on the surface of the earth, are of special importance. ... Read MoreEconomic Geography of Central Asia
Volume 3, Issue 11 , November 1994, Pages 59-64