Volume 32 (2023)
Volume 31 (2022)
Volume 30 (2021)
Volume 29 (2020)
Volume 28 (2019)
Volume 27 (2018)
Volume 26 (2017)
Volume 25 (2016)
Volume 24 (2015)
Volume 23 (2014)
Volume 22 (2013)
Volume 21 (2012)
Volume 20 (2011)
Volume 19 (2010)
Volume 18 (2009)
Volume 17 (2008)
Volume 16 (2007)
Volume 15 (2006)
Volume 14 (2005)
Volume 13 (2004)
Volume 12 (2003)
Volume 11 (2002)
Volume 10 (2001)
Volume 9 (2000)
Volume 8 (1999)
Volume 7 (1998)
Volume 6 (1997)
Volume 5 (1996)
Volume 4 (1995)
Volume 3 (1994)
Volume 1 (1990-1992)
Note

Mahdi Modiri

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 2-5

Abstract
  One of the major steps in surveying is the activity called the "classification operation". An operation that, while clarifying aerial photographs, collects the information of names. Classification operations have specific technical rules and regulations that the Geographic Organization has described ...  Read More

A Passing Look at Global Geopolitics of the Past Two Centuries - Part II

Akbar Torkan

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 5-16

Abstract
  The following is the first part of the excerpt from the speeches of the Minister of Defense and Support of the Armed Forces, which was delivered with a comprehensive look at the developments of the recent two-hundred years of the world. The second part is presented in the next issue of journal to students ...  Read More

Considerations About Names in Geography

Mohammad Hasan Ganji

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 17-23

Abstract
  Geographers consider their science to be the Mother of Sciences, and they always claim that geography, as recognition of environment, is one of the oldest sciences that mankind has known from the very first days that they existed due to necessities. Many geographers today believe that new geography has ...  Read More

Geography and its Applications - Part V

Mohammad Hasan Ganji

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 24-28

Abstract
  Our past discussion of the Earth's motion led to the time and history issues, and we saw how the Earth's rotation and revolution movements created such important issues in our daily lives. At this point in the discussion, it would be of relevance to allocate a brief discussion to the Moon that plays ...  Read More

Geometric Method for Determination of the Geoid

Hosein Nahavandchi

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 29-30

Abstract
  As we know, geoid altitude is one of the important parameters in geodetic physics, one of whose fundamental applications is determining the best reference elliptic. In order to carry out geoid determination, various satellite, geometric and physical methods are used. The following paper is one of the ...  Read More

Principles of Beautification in Cartography

M.H. Ramesht

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 31-35

Abstract
  There is no doubt that human being and beauty worship and perfectionism have always been associated together, and if we have no doubt in this principle, it must be concluded that mapping, which is more an art than a science, has a closer connection with esthetic matters. The role of a map is not only ...  Read More

Geographic Information System

Naser Mohammadi

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 36-40

Abstract
  GIS or geographic information systems have been widely developed in educational, government and commercial sections. The term GIS is often used to describe a number of systems and operations. This term can be complicated for beginners and newcomers because it seems to encompass different definitions ...  Read More

A Discussion on Automation of Levelling

Alireza Azmudeh Ardalaan

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 41-43

Abstract
  The basis of this new semi-automatic levelling method is to replace active mires with a linear measuring system instead of ordinary mires. These mires have a movable target that is fitted along the axis of vision by levelling operator and with the help of a wireless control system. The target place can ...  Read More

Book Introduction and Criticism

Mohammad Hasan Ganji

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 44-45

Abstract
  in recent months, two very important books on geography have been published in our country which the author believes are necessary for every geographer, and more important, it is necessary for them of the awareness of their existence. the author of both books is one of the highly renowned geography professors ...  Read More

GPS in Surveying (3): Time Systems and Scales
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 45-55

Abstract
  It is possible to utilize any device that is able to produce a series of constant distances in time as a clock. The best time-setting scales available today utilize quartz crystal fluctuations or atomic state transformations. In surveying and navigation, these time scales should be linked to the Earth's ...  Read More

Discussion on the Steps of Implementation of a Surveying Project
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 56-57

Abstract
  Most of the activities a surveyor carries out in the context of his professional tasks needs measurement. Traditionally, the community looks at the surveyor as an expert skilled in land measurement. For this reason, they expect him to collect information about land. Therefore, such a requirement necessitates ...  Read More

Regional-District Spatial Order and Formation and its Evolution in Geography

Asghar Nazarian

Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 1992, Pages 58-64

Abstract
  The profound changes that have occurred today in geographic perspectives and studies have made revision of the pattern, spatial visualization models and regional-district study methods necessary. The rate of the process of transformation in concepts and thoughts of regional-district geography, its design ...  Read More