The Persian Gulf consists of 8 coastal countries and a water body of 240000 km. Coastal countries do not have the same access to this body of water which has caused some problems with dangerous environmental consequences. Persian Gulf (formerly known as Persian Sea) has specific natural and environmental situations and is thus very different from other seas and water bodies. Because of these differences, United Nation environment office ratified Kuwait convention, so that coastal countries act more sensitively in preserving Persian Gulf environment. In recent decades, Persian Gulf environment has faced many losses and damages due to inappropriate human activities. Because of these devastating activities, the unique ecosystem of this sea is being destroyed. The destructions are quite widespread and includes different activities. Some countries have transformed their sea coasts and thus increased environmental devastation of the sea.
The present article has endeavor to investigate Persian Gulf’s natural and environmental situation, while reviewing its position in the United Nation convention on Law of the Sea (1982) analytically and scientifically. It also mentions the coastal countries responsibilities in maintaining this sea.