Hooshmand Ataei; Afsaneh Analooei
Volume 22, SEPEHR , July 2013, , Pages 49-52
Abstract
Soil erosion and production of sediments are among the most important natural resource problems which depends on climatic situation, soil reliefs and land use. The present study investigates the relation between watershed management activities like banquette and check dam or detention dams with soil ...
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Soil erosion and production of sediments are among the most important natural resource problems which depends on climatic situation, soil reliefs and land use. The present study investigates the relation between watershed management activities like banquette and check dam or detention dams with soil erosion and production of sediments in Manderjan watershed which is located in Sarab, Zayande Rud dam. This watershed covers 230 km2. Precipitation statistics from Chadegan climatology station and Sediment monitoring network in Manderjan during 1978-2002 were used along with land use map and erosion map based on 1979 satellite images. Manderjan watershed is located in West Isfahan province and has cold weather with temperate summers. Its average annual precipitation is evaluated 420 mm. Because of being located between Daran Mountains (Dalankuh) in North and Zagros mountains in west, it has multiple streams and an average slope of 13.3% in north-south direction. Therefore, different watershed management activities (banquette and check dam or detention dams) could have a significant effect on prevention of erosion. Descriptive case study was used along with field study and library investigation.
Sohrab Asgari
Volume 22, Issue 85 , May 2013, , Pages 79-96
Abstract
Managing a country is one of the most important issues in the world. This aim will achieve through evealuated and scientific planning processes. Good fulfillment of the plans will cause positive results. In Iran, palnning and territory management has a long history. In contemporary era, planning was ...
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Managing a country is one of the most important issues in the world. This aim will achieve through evealuated and scientific planning processes. Good fulfillment of the plans will cause positive results. In Iran, palnning and territory management has a long history. In contemporary era, planning was an organization agenda from the Qajar period,. In Reza shah's kingdom planning was an important issue General information office and Statistics Bureau were the first offices founded. Applying regional planning approach was the first steps in governmental economic programs, 5 years planning policy was applied in the Pahlavi period. The Islamic revolution metamorphosed all former political and social structures. Because of Mismanaging of main affaires in the country, many devastating crises appeared. One of the mismanaging was encouraging population increase. Some sensitive laws were ratified and as a result, a migration trend in a vast shape emptied many villages and caused slum and shanty town. Imposed war and international embargoes were 2 samples of big crisis which accelerated migrations. To face job cuts, and also to produce more strategic crops, idea for cultivating in pasture lands and grass lands was approved, This was a formal aggression forests and pasture lands bases. This aggression caused soil erosion in the country and millions tons of soil erode and destroy completely. Deforestation is the main cause of floods in recent years. In other sides mismanaging has caused environmental disasters around the country. The main issue of this article is evaluating of political decision impacts in geographical space organizating from environmental viewpoint in the country in recent decades.
Ali Torabi Haghighi; Hosseyn Saremi; Roohollah Ghalambar
Volume 21, SEPEHR , February 2013, , Pages 40-42
Abstract
The new and modern scientific field of river engineering integrates hydraulics with hydrology-geomorphology and investigates and discuss water movement in rivers. In order to prevent damages caused by river flood, probable floods must be predicted using appropriate methods. Moreover, identifying river ...
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The new and modern scientific field of river engineering integrates hydraulics with hydrology-geomorphology and investigates and discuss water movement in rivers. In order to prevent damages caused by river flood, probable floods must be predicted using appropriate methods. Moreover, identifying river morphology (river erosional landforms) can help us noticeably in recognizing and preventing damages.
The present article identifies erosional landforms in Chenar-e Rahdar River and produce a map for different forms of river erosion using geographic information system, remote sensing and dispersion of different erosional landforms in this river along with sedimentation areas.
Hiva Elmizadeh
Volume 20, Issue 80 , February 2012, , Pages 79-83
Abstract
The surface of the earth is composed of the continuity of a more or less extensive surface, which is called the slope. The main feature of this feature is its skewness. This surface is generally covered by soil and surface deposits. Since the soil is the most important element of the earth's biosphere, ...
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The surface of the earth is composed of the continuity of a more or less extensive surface, which is called the slope. The main feature of this feature is its skewness. This surface is generally covered by soil and surface deposits. Since the soil is the most important element of the earth's biosphere, without which the life in the land will not be running and durable, preserving and protecting it is of particular importance (Badrifar, 2000). Sometimes humans, by cultivating slopes and plowing in the direction of slope, have caused vertical cuts in the slopes; plowing the slopes and building irrigation networks along the level curves and also digging the canals along the direction of the slopes have greatly contributed to the intensification of the process of destruction and erosion of the soil and the elimination of this valuable material. In this paper, the status and shape of erosion in different directions of the slopes and the effect of morphology and slope on erosion and its type have been studied in Natchi basin. In this research, in addition to field studies, various documents such as topographic maps, geology, vegetation, aerial photos and satellite imagery have been used as research tools.
Mahdi Mo'meni
Volume 19, Issue 75 , November 2010, , Pages 16-21
Abstract
Over the larger part of the planet, the landscape that is now exposed is mainly an artifact of human thought and creation. The impact of man in the natural environment has day-by-day and evidently changed the geographical spheres. The cumulative effect of human population over time, especially through ...
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Over the larger part of the planet, the landscape that is now exposed is mainly an artifact of human thought and creation. The impact of man in the natural environment has day-by-day and evidently changed the geographical spheres. The cumulative effect of human population over time, especially through the use of technology over the final decades of the twentieth century, has made these changes very rapid. The relationship between man and the natural environment has been the subject of long discussions in the field of geography in the last century, and distinct environmentalist schools have developed. At the beginning of the 21st century, one of the missions of geography is to reveal and highlight the problems caused by these changes. Like other living beings, human is a part of the environment and needs air, water, soil and other creatures. Due to the interdependence of the components of the planet, any change in each of the components will endanger the entire system. Environmental problems are now widespread. This article is based on the hypothesis that human beings have artificially transformed the natural system through interference and imposing changes on the natural environment. This research deals with the analysis of environmental changes that has occurred in Iran through human interference in recent decades using descriptive and inferential methods as well as secondary methods. Changes in forests and rangelands, desertification and the spread of deserts and changes in valuable plant species, along with the penetration of some non-indigenous species have caused the degradation of sensitive ecosystems. The importance of education and promotion of appropriate social responses to environmental changes, and the role that people can play in preserving, revitalizing, developing and exploiting natural resources, are the courses of action that are discussed in this paper.
Ebrahim Moghimi; Hossein Mohammadi; Hiva Elmi Zadeh
Volume 19, Issue 75 , November 2010, , Pages 35-41
Abstract
Soil is one of the most important factors of production that has a great impact on human economic and social life. Earth's surface is generally covered with soil and surface deposits. Soil erosion is one of the most important issues that we face today. Increasing exploitation and lack of proper human ...
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Soil is one of the most important factors of production that has a great impact on human economic and social life. Earth's surface is generally covered with soil and surface deposits. Soil erosion is one of the most important issues that we face today. Increasing exploitation and lack of proper human management of the natural environment have a great influence on the intensification of soil degradation and erosion. In this research, by analyzing effective geomorphologic parameters, the erosion and sediment production in the Nachi basin is studied and, along with necessary studies, effective strategies and suggestions are presented. In this study, in addition to field surveys, various documents such as topographic maps, geology, resources and land potential, vegetation, various statistics related to hydrometric stations, sedimentation, meteorology, pluviometry, along with aerial photos and satellite imagery have been used as research tools. In order to estimate the amount of erosion and sediment in the studied area, the modified PSIAC model has been used. By studying the nine effective factors in this model, the production rate of sediment and erosion in hydrological units of the basin have been estimated. Accordingly, the annual erosion and sediment in the total study area is estimated 1254 m3 for each 1 km2.
Mamand Salari; Omid Moradi
Volume 18, Issue 69 , May 2009, , Pages 49-51
Abstract
Among the most important features of basins, which are very effective in the process of erosion, are physical properties. In this regard, elevation and topographic properties directly and indirectly influence the erosion process and affect other parameters such as climatic conditions of the basins (amount ...
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Among the most important features of basins, which are very effective in the process of erosion, are physical properties. In this regard, elevation and topographic properties directly and indirectly influence the erosion process and affect other parameters such as climatic conditions of the basins (amount and type of precipitation) and soil that are very important in the state of erosion at the surface of basins. Therefore, for assessing the erosion and sedimentation status at the Baneh basin, the real and theoretical hypsometric tables and curves are calculated and displayed. According to them, we find that the Baneh basin, while undergoing erosion and sedimentation, is relatively further away from the state of equilibrium, and is younger.
Mojgan Afshar
Volume 15, Issue 59 , November 2006, , Pages 52-56
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the factors affecting landslide formation. In this regard, after identifying these factors, the fashions of occurrence of this phenomenon in some places, including the district of Shahrak and Barikan in Taleghan and the road of Haraz in areas such as: Mobarak ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the factors affecting landslide formation. In this regard, after identifying these factors, the fashions of occurrence of this phenomenon in some places, including the district of Shahrak and Barikan in Taleghan and the road of Haraz in areas such as: Mobarak Abad, Jajroud and Emamzadeh Ali have been addressed.
