The country of the Islamic Republic of Iran has a very diverse climate due to geographical conditions such as changes of altitude, distance from the sea, and the long distance between north and south, which extends from latitudes of 30 degrees to 60 degrees of the north. Consequently, the humidity conditions in this land range from ultra-dry to very wet areas. The rainfall level fluctuates in different parts of the country and varies greatly from year to year. Sequential droughts that are sometimes broken with exceptional rainfalls, cause the shortage and limitation of water resources.
Currently, due to the country's climate and water resources, population growth, demand for public welfare, urban and industrial health, as well as the allocation of water to the environment in recent years, water assumption in the country has increased, and today the main problem in our country is the chronic water shortage due to frequent droughts accompanied by increase in population. According to studies on water consumption structure in this research, water per capita changes and irrigation efficiency in agricultural lands based on comprehensive water plans of the country, the limitations and scarcity of water resources do not allow any increase of the area under cultivation. At the moment, saving and optimization of consumption is essential to meet the country's water needs.