Geographic Data
Taraneh Karimi; Ali Mohammad Safania; Rahim Sarvar; Salaheddin Naghshbandi
Abstract
Extended Abstract IntroductionThe tourism industry is the world's largest industry in terms of income and cultural exchanges. Progress in the field of sports is one of the strategic priorities of planners in countries. Sports tourism is one of the most important developed sectors of the tourism ...
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Extended Abstract IntroductionThe tourism industry is the world's largest industry in terms of income and cultural exchanges. Progress in the field of sports is one of the strategic priorities of planners in countries. Sports tourism is one of the most important developed sectors of the tourism industry. In this regard, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee, the National Olympic and Paralympic Academy, sports federations, physical education, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Sports and Education Federation, Ministry of Education and Culture, Sports and Youth Fraction of the Islamic Council, Provincial Sports and Youth Departments, Sports Associations, each of which is a decision-making body in the field are sports The existence of multiple, as well as the simultaneous existence of policy-making and implementation in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, have created inadequacies in these sectors, which, of course, have denied the possibility of competition from the private sector. It seems that the general spirit governing the constitution of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, like the provisions related to tourism in the country's five-year development laws, is a reductionist attitude towards the tourism industry. Due to the uncertainty of the coordination authority in the field of sports tourism decision-making and policy-making, the lack of legal commitment and the need for coordination between sports executive bodies, the multiplicity and diversity of sports tourism tasks. Institutions in charge, the emphasis and clarity of Article 100 of the Law of the Sixth Five-Year Development Plan, based on integrated management, the lack of attention of upstream laws and documents to the priority of sports tourism, the lack of cooperation and the establishment of coherent relations between the government, government and private institutions in the sports tourism industry, preparation An integrated model is important in the sports tourism industry in the country. Considering the number of related organizations in sports tourism and the lack of clarity about the interaction of these organizations with each other, the present research aims to investigate the integrated management of related institutions in the sports tourism industry. This research can play an important role in optimizing management planning in the tourism industry by identifying the effective factors of integrated management of Iran's sports tourism industry. Therefore, the current research aims to provide an integrated management model in Iran's sports tourism industry and seeks to answer this question: What are the effective factors of integrated management in Iran's sports tourism industry?Research methodology and FndingsThe current research has a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach based on data search. In the qualitative part, the foundational data approach (Glaser method) has been used to present and develop the theory in the study area of the research. The statistical (qualitative) community includes all the experts in the field of tourism, sports management as well as sports tourism. In this research, the purposeful sampling method was used. Sampling continued until reaching a point where adding a new sample no longer has an effect on the development of research theory, theoretical saturation was achieved after the 20th interview. The main method of data collection was semi-structured in-depth interviews. In the process of qualitative data analysis and performing three stages of coding (open, central and selective), a number of 1167 open codes were obtained, which were reduced to 377 unique open codes after merging and removing commonalities, then the open codes were categorized into 29 central codes and finally In selective coding, they were divided into 8 groups: program policy, task, management, legal, institutional, structural, beneficiaries, tools and resources. In this way, a questionnaire based on the main factors and sub-criteria was compiled on a five-point Likert scale with 119 questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was checked with exploratory confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha (96%). The statistical population of the quantitative part included 600 experts and managers of the ministries of cultural heritage, sports and youth, as well as the Environmental Protection Organization, the Civil Aviation Organization, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee. , travel service offices and private sector activists as well as sports management doctoral students and professors. Frequency, mean and standard deviation methods were used to analyze the information in the descriptive part. The normality of the data was checked with the Kolomogorov-Spirov test (<0.05). In the inferential statistics section of the structural equation modeling test, Friedman's test (P=0.001) and Pearson's correlation coefficient, which showed a significant correlation at the 99% level between the main research criteria; It was used with the help of AMOS and SPSS software.DiscussionUndoubtedly, the existence of various institutional, legal, structural and managerial differences and the involvement of various organizations and institutions in the tourism cause create complicated problems. The current research by observing the situation of sports tourism in Iran, as a strategy for development; He also carefully specified documents and strategic plans at the macro levels; What is observed in the sports tourism industry is the presence of various actors with unequal powers, which has become a fundamental issue in this field of tourism. Despite the emphasis in the general policies of the sixth development plan and the importance of various aspects of development, the laws of some ministries and organizations related to sports tourism do not have the necessary overlap. In this way, it is necessary for the officials and legislators to act transparently, to remove the dispersal of the same laws and the uniform and unsavory implementation of the laws. It should also be noted that; Among the different components of the sports tourism system, management activities and tasks are distributed disproportionately and have led to functional, institutional and managerial differences. The use of tasteful management instead of scientific management and the incompatibility of the actions taken by the previous managers with the attitude of the new managers are among the many problems in the division of the field of sports tourism. It is included in the development of the country.Therefore, integrated management in this field, taking into account the indicators of the current research, is a balance between barriers and facilitating factors of costs and benefits. Considering the participation of various elements to play a role in sports tourism; This integration leads to the creation of a network of actors with different powers, the imbalance in the power of the beneficiaries in the field of sports tourism will lead to forward movement if there is inter-sectoral coordination and systematic dialogue between the relevant institutions. According to the obtained results, in order to achieve the integrated management of sports tourism in Iran, the following solutions can be presented to lay the groundwork and facilitate the implementation of integrated management.Revision of the rules and regulations proposed for tourism-sports in terms of having a guarantee of implementation.Formation of the tourism-sports executive committee with the aim of strengthening the monitoring and control approach.Creating the capacity to plan and manage sports tourism resources, in order to participate and improve local incomes.Establishing an efficient and transparent tax system for the benefit of sports tourism.
Gholam Gholami; Rahim Sarvar; Ali Tavakolan
Abstract
Extended AbstractIntroductionUrban managers and designers are looking for ways to solve problems caused by population growth and increasing migration to large cities. Designing new cities on the outskirts of metropolitan areas to accommodate their overflowing population is one of these solutions. However, ...
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Extended AbstractIntroductionUrban managers and designers are looking for ways to solve problems caused by population growth and increasing migration to large cities. Designing new cities on the outskirts of metropolitan areas to accommodate their overflowing population is one of these solutions. However, new cities will face demographic and ecological crises caused by rapid growth and sudden influx of population without purposeful and organized control and proper infrastructure. Developing new cities was first approved in 1985 as a policy to curb the uncontrolled population growth and migration to large cities in Iran. New cities are mainly developed to ensure proportional distribution of population in the desired urban area, decentralization of the metropolis, improvement of living and service standards, and prevention of unreasonable increase in land and housing prices. In accordance with the policies assigned for the development of new cities and serious restrictions on further development of Tehran metropolitan area especially on agricultural lands, and due to the high slope of land in the northern parts of the city, high groundwater level and inadequate soil penetration resistance in the southern parts of the city, the city being earthquake-prone, existing restrictions on the development of infrastructure, facilities, transportation network and water supply, inversion phenomenon and limitations the ecosystem will face with more population, development of 5 new cities in the suburban area of Tehran was approved by authorities. Materials & MethodsQuestionnaire and interview-based survey methods have been used in the present descriptive and analytical study. Data collection was performed using documentary and field study methods. Qualitative research techniques and content analysis tools have been used to select commonly used important research indicators from related literature. Following data collection from relevant organizations and institutions, a binary comparison questionnaire was prepared for each group of criteria. Using the Delphi method, urban planning experts were asked to comment on these tables. To evaluate and weight the obtained criteria, AHP method and Expert Choice 11 were used and the average was calculated in EXCEL. Pardis was selected as the case study to evaluate the opinions of new cities' residents. In survey and field study, tools such as questionnaires, interviews and observations were used to investigate the social and economic status in the new city of Pardis. A questionnaire was prepared based on Likert five-point scoring scale to determine the level of satisfaction in residents of Pardis city and to see whether in practice residents benefit more from the criteria assigned a higher weight by experts. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among 450 people and the results were evaluated in SPSS. Results & DiscussionFindings indicate that proximity to the capital, acceptable roads, fair weather condition, fewer traffic jams, and lower house prices are among the reasons for satisfaction of Pardis residents. However, previous residents of Tehran expect a living standard similar to living standards in this city so there is still a long road ahead for Pardis city to fulfil its basic plans of offering settlements and employment for at least a population of 200 thousands and obviating the need for daily commutes. Findings indicate that 40% of the employed population commute daily which results in dissatisfaction and an unnecessary increase in household monthly expenses while turning the city into an unproductive dormitory town. Based on what was analyzed theoretically in the present study, as well as our knowledge of the prosperity, dynamism, population, and civilization level of new cities, it seems that a technocratic view based on instrumental rationality in a rent-seeking economy has ultimately led into the present situation in which large-scale urban development projects have been reduced into a series of housing projects. Therefore, various social issues and the problem of identity and dynamism have become a major issue in the urban system of new cities. However, paying attention to vitality and sustainable social development, as well as reviewing and redefining patterns and procedures have made an important turning point and created the required capacity for urban development management and foresight which shall be expanded to reach a useful executive plan and develop its theoretical and practical basis. ConclusionResults indicate that the new city of Pardis has achieved objectives of the detailed plan to some extent, but poor infrastructure, lack of sufficient number of employments for the households and lack of economic dynamism have created a city dependent on external employment and thus failing to achieve the utmost goals of the plan.
Abolhasan Modarreszadeh Barzaki; Rahim Sarvar
Abstract
Abstract[1]
Establishing and updatingthe estate database is an infrastructural and sustainable entity for the municipality’s revenue generation and is considered as a key tool in monitoring the development of cities.Access to accurate and up-to-date information on real estate is one of the most ...
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Abstract[1]
Establishing and updatingthe estate database is an infrastructural and sustainable entity for the municipality’s revenue generation and is considered as a key tool in monitoring the development of cities.Access to accurate and up-to-date information on real estate is one of the most important prerequisites for decision makers in urban planning. With the advancement of information technology in recent decades, the traditional mechanism for keeping property information has also been replaced by computerized spatial information systems. Nowadays, the issuance of fairer and more accurate real estate renovation tax is not feasible except byimplementing a system based on database.
In this research, the audit process and results of over 6600 estates inthe city of Noosh Abad (Kashan) in the year of 2014 were investigated. In the field stage, surveying and the completion of the audit forms were performed and then,a software with the capabilities of entering data, displaying data, defining the formula for calculating taxes, preparing reports and issuing bills was designed.In the meantime, the GIS software was implemented after refining data and correcting the drawing errors using topology.
The statistical analysis of this database about the number of estates, area and total debt indices in each neighborhood indicates that there is a linear correlation with a coefficient of 0.9 among these indices. Providing a debt distribution map in the neighborhoods of Noushabadwhich shows the total calculated tax in each region was another outcome of this plan. According to the plan, a total of7459 million Rial renovationbills were issued for the estates which, compared to the municipality’s budget in the year of 1393, it suggests that this revenue as a continuous source of incomecould compensate for a significant portion of the municipalities’ budget deficit.
[1] - به دلیل کیفیت نامناسب متن چکیده مبسوط انگلیسیِ ارائه شده توسط نویسنده مسئول مقاله، نشریه به ناچار اقدام به ترجمه مجدد متن چکیده فارسی و انتشار آن به جای چکیده مبسوط انگلیسی نموده است.
Hamid Bahiraei; Rahim Sarvar; Bahman Karegar; Abdolreza Farajirad
Abstract
AbstractFor its residents, the neighborhood presents an opportunity to have informal interactions and create social cohesion. Identifying and distinguishing places and organizing them in ones’ mental structure not ...
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AbstractFor its residents, the neighborhood presents an opportunity to have informal interactions and create social cohesion. Identifying and distinguishing places and organizing them in ones’ mental structure not only allow individuals to have an effective performance but also are the sources of security and mutual understanding, and give them a pleasant and agreeable feeling. People seek physical clarity and places which are understandable and associated with their emotions and goals.The present article attempts to investigate the importance of the creating public spaces, especially in the highly dense neighborhoods and its effects on the increased security of the residents in that this protects human privacy in his residence. First, the concept of “privacy” and its functions are examined theoretically. Then the characteristics and nature of public space (collective life) of neighborhoods and finally the role of creating public spaces in building and protecting privacy of the families will be addressed.The research method is logical reasoning and a case study of on two highly dense residential areas of Tehran, Kazem-Abad and shams-Abad, along with field studies and a survey of the their residents through questionnaire. According to findings, in the present century (i.e., the last decade of the 14th century solar Hijri calender), a remarkably large population lives in the highly dense neighborhoods. If you look at people from the perspective of slave traders, and their spatial needs are conceptualized only in terms of their bodies, the effects of overcrowding are ignored. However, if people are considered human beings that are surrounded by invisibles bubbles (i.e., their privacy) which can be measured, the architecture of such neighborhoods can be examined from a new perspective.
