Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Mofid Shateri

Member of the Faculty of Geography, University of Birjand

Abstract

Darwinism which goes back to ancient times and around 5 B.C was scientifically introduced by Darwin in 19^th century and have influenced different sciences like geography. Under this influence, new schools like geographic determinism and evolutionism emerged which then help in the creation of important ideologies like Fascism, Nazism, and aid proponents of this beliefs in rising to power.   
Important theories like Ratzel’s critical environment theory explain the relation between geography and these ideas. However, new ways of thinking have developed in geography in contrast with these theories and schools. Discussions in geography of social anarchism by French geographer, Elisee Reclus, and Russian geographer, Petro Kroptkin are among these. The present article briefly refers to and investigates social Darwinism, mutual relation and influences of geography and this school, while explaining geographical space and the role of geographers.       

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