Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Mahdi Modiri

Associate Professor of Urban planning, Malek-Ashtar University of Technolog

Abstract

Once the human being limited the breadth of the earth to his own area of ​​vision, and wherever he had been born, he lived all his life there and maybe for hundreds of thousands of years his knowledge did not exceed that of the world around him. Apparently from the very first days, humanity, in order to not forget, or to transfer information about the earth to his children, has probably made various lines and motifs on the walls of his cave or whatever type of residence. Thus, according to the historians, the germ of two important modern knowledge has been formed by the first human being, one obtaining information about the earth's surface, that is, geography, and the other the recording of information about the earth in the form of lines and images, in other words, a map which is cartographic, and these two human knowledge have become so closely connected from the very beginning that they are actually considered interdependent, and with such a firmness that the existence of one without the other is not imagined as possible. In the course of the evolution of automation, the real shift from mapping to creating spatial databases was a very attractive and valuable beginning, and provided an effective presence of cartography in all stages of study, planning, preparation of operational plans, implementation and evaluation. The main role of automation is in creating a spatial database, which is in response to a variety of needs of earth’s applied science and technology and of building structures. Creating a map is one of the dozens of possibilities provided by spatial database. The Internet is a very important tool that has played a major role in receiving and disseminating information over the past few years. The global communications network delivers and publishes the most recent news concerning geographic data. In this process, the map has an essential position and has a multi-purpose function. Maps can play their historical role in providing information for geographic plans and their conditions.