Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Mahdi Modiri

Associate Professor of Urban planning, Malek-Ashtar University of Technolog

Abstract

Many of sciences undergo constant transformation through connection with modern technology and make progress, and are provided with equipment of great value through ease in the methods and fast fulfilment of necessities. The science of cartography, under the influence of modern technology (positioning and imagery satellites, databases and digital systems, etc.), has undergone a radical and extensive development. The reliance on "modeling" is a world of constructive relationships between geomatic technologies and sciences in applications. Creating spatial and geographical database presents a smart product for different sciences that provides the ability to determine, identify, organize, combine, display and manage information. In geographic information system environment, the arrangement, combination and visualization of different ways of implementation of a geographic position can be carried out using the power of automatic computer sampling in a proper way.
 The visualization of data in a geographic system environment places the user in logical decision-making conditions. Because in this environment, it is possible to store separate pieces of geographic space in the form of point, line, surface, and text records that make up the final composition of all elements and geographic phenomena, and, if needed, to display them in one place in the form of a single image, and most importantly, if necessary, to connect their contents to each other. Components of images taken from the real world are carefully recorded in the memory of computer with a special character encoding. This type of data helps users place images and objects together in a regular, meaningful and organized way in a geographic space.
Creating spatial database is a platform for creation of intelligent information that helps users in understanding, analysis, and proper decision-making. On the basis of a spatial database, geographic data can be increased and geographic information systems formed, and the more various qualitative and quantitative characteristics associated with spatial features, the higher the level of intelligence of database. Several organizations are seeking to publish their spatial and geographical information using the Web GIS so that different users, such as decision makers and planners, can access this information regardless of time and place constraints. Web GIS is a spatial and geographic information system distributed in a computer network used to integrate and disseminate graphic information on the WWW and on the Internet.