Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Hasan Alayii

Abstract

Man has to find a means for communicating with others, transferring knowledge and findings and expressing his wishes. The first thing humans found for fulfilling these needs was a direct dialogue. The conversation had the disadvantage that its audience was limited because a different language was used in any region and, on the other hand, it was not possible to store information and findings for later ages and users in other places. Therefore, human beings were forced to invent writing in order to be able to publish information and thoughts. Although writing eliminated some of the above problems, because writing was also a function of language of the authors of books, it was not possible that these books be used by people of other areas, , so it would not have been possible to cover all the people again. With the advancement of technical knowledge and the construction of boats and ships, which were the first means of human travel, the need to know the geographical and climatic conditions of remote locations became more tangible; therefore, some tourists began to draw basic maps and write books about the geographic conditions of other parts of the world. These geographic books were also not easy to be used by everybody for the reasons mentioned, so a device had to be devised that would not require deep technical information, and would be easily accessible to everyone.