نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جغرافیای سیاسی دانشگاه پیام نور

2 دستیار علمی دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

مرز عامل اصلى در تعریف سرزمین و از پایه‌هاى اساسى علم جغرافیاى سیاسى مى‌باشد؛ اما به همراه بحث‌هاى زیاد در ارتباط با مرزهاى باز در اتحادیه‌ى اروپا، امروزه ما نیز شاهد مباحث مرززدایى در چارچوب سرزمین زدایى  هستیم. گرچه جهان گرایان- که از طیف وسیعى نیز برخوردارند- از وجود روند ثابت مرززدایى براى آینده دور خبر مى‌دهد ولى ما هم اکنون شاهد تقویت مرزها در پاره‌اى از نقاط جهان نیز مى‌باشیم.
این مقاله در این راستا با رویکردى نو واقع گرایى آشتى و پیوند ژئواکونومى و ژئوپلیتیک را در مرزهاى آمریکاى شمالى با توجه به روند جهانى شدن بیان مىدارد. بدین معنى که با آزاد سازى اقتصادى در درون نفتا، نیازهاى امنیتى جهت مقابله با تهدیدات گوناگون در مرز، اهمیتى دو چندان یافته است. راه حل رضایت بخش این امر تکنولوژیکى بوده که پیوند و آشتى ژئواکونومى و ژئوپلیتیک را در مرز به همراه داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Technology at the border of Geopolitical and Geoeconomic symbiosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ra'uf Heydarifar 1
  • Hamid Reza Jalilian 2

1 Assistant Professor of Political Geography, Payame Noor University

2 Scientific Assistant at Payame Noor University

چکیده [English]

The border is the main factor in defining the country and is one of the cornerstones of the science of political geography, but following many discussions about open borders in the European Union, today we witness  border elimination issues within the framework of country elimination. Though globalists - which form a wide range - herald the existence of a steady process of border elimination in the future, but we can simultaneously witness the strengthening of the borders in some parts of the world.
In this regard, this article describes the reconciliation and geo-economic and geopolitical linkages on the northern borders of the United States with regard to the process of globalization based on a neorealist approach. This means that, with economic liberalization within NAFTA, security needs to address the various threats at the border have become more and more important. The satisfactory solution to this has been a technological one that has brought the geo-nuclear and geopolitical linkage and reconciliation along the border.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • geopolitics
  • geoeconomics
  • globalization
  • borders
  • land
1-Ackleson,J.,2003,security through Technology?Smart Border  After September 11th, “Knowledge,Technology &policy 16 (1).
 2- Ackleson,J.,2004,Constructing Security on the U.S.-Mexico Border,”Political Geography (2) 24.
3- Ackleson,J.,2005,Fencing is Failure:Effective Border Control is not Achieved By Building More Fences,Policy In Focus.”Immigration  (2) 14.
 4- Andreas,D.,2003,Border Security in the age of globalization,”Regional Review”,q3.
5-Coleman,M.,2002,Thinking about the World Banks Accordion Geography of financial golbalization,”political geography (4) 21.
6- Coleman,M, 2003,The Naming of Terrorism and Evil Outlaws,Geopolitics,8(3)
 7-Coleman,M.,2004,U.S. Statecraft and the U.S-Mexico border as security/economy nexus,political geography 24(2).
8-Ferguson,H.A,2004,Protection and Defense of Critical Infrastructure:Canada/U.S Cooperation.INTERNET.
9- Cilbert,E.,2005,Inevitability of Integration,”Annals of The Association of American  Geographer (1) 95.
10-Gomm,J.,2005,Can biometrics move beyond borders?:www.CNET.com.
11- Grayson,G.,2006,Mexico s southern Flank:the Third U.S Border, “orbis (1) 50.
12-Huglund,D.G,North American Cooperation in an Era of Homeland Security,2003,Orbis,47(4).
13- Kouri,J.,2005,U.S costoms and/Bility Protection Addresses VUINERA ,www.MICNEWS.COM.
14-Laflamme-lisa,2004:www.ct.ca.
15-Morahan,l.,2001,Border up at us-Canada security Beef,CNS news.com
16- Nevins,J.,(2002).Operation gatekeeper,Routledge,London.
17-Nayar,P.,Patrick,O.,Gerard,D.,2005 Book Review,”Political Geography(4) 24.
18- Newman,J.and passi,A.,1998,Fences and Neighbors in the Postmodern World,”Progress in Human geography 22.
19- Newsletter,2003, Biometric Technologies Committee-Government-Internet.
20- Office of The President of United States,2002,Internet.
21- Peterson,E.,2005,Book review,”Political geography (8) 24.
22- The National Strategy for Homeland Security,2005,Internet.
23- Thomas,R.,2005,Biometrics,Migrants, and Human Rights, Migration Information source,Internet.
24- Ting,J.C.,2005,Immigration and National Security,”orbis(1) 50.
25- USATODAY/2/22/2005,Hall,m.
26- U.S department of Homland Security,2004.
27-Werner,2005, Congressman proposes Fencing U.S-Mexico border, Border Trade Alliance:www.BTA.Org.
28- www.Sfgate.com:March 22,2002,Bush calls for fast Lanes With Mexico.
29-www.Sfgate.com:space Daily,2004.