Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• Hushang Pulaki

Abstract

One of the most important tasks of topographic maps is to show the nature in lifelike manner. Today, this is done in a variety of ways, such as shading the contour line, which in some cases is very difficult. Of course, this method is quick, but to some extent it has the weakness that it does not display the raised quality of certain points with acceptable quality.
In order to obtain the natural state of the Earth, research has been carried out which prove the superiority
of the 3D view available in topographic map.
One of the most familiar and prominent types of these maps is the typical topographic maps (raised surfaces). In this case, the map will be raised on a plastic foil and with the help of heat. This map will face changes (movements of points on it) due to later changes in the foil, in a way that that this change will become greater as the height of the feature increases.

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