Volume 32 (2023)
Volume 31 (2022)
Volume 30 (2021)
Volume 29 (2020)
Volume 28 (2019)
Volume 27 (2018)
Volume 26 (2017)
Volume 25 (2016)
Volume 24 (2015)
Volume 23 (2014)
Volume 22 (2013)
Volume 21 (2012)
Volume 20 (2011)
Volume 19 (2010)
Volume 17 (2008)
Volume 16 (2007)
Volume 15 (2006)
Volume 14 (2005)
Volume 13 (2004)
Volume 12 (2003)
Volume 11 (2002)
Volume 10 (2001)
Volume 9 (2000)
Volume 8 (1999)
Volume 7 (1998)
Volume 6 (1997)
Volume 5 (1996)
Volume 4 (1995)
Volume 3 (1994)
Volume 2 (1992-1993)
Volume 1 (1990-1992)
Convex Quality of Alignment Lines and Geometric Design of Arches (Part I)

Mahdi Modiri

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 1-80

Abstract
  The design of arches in the production of accurate topographic maps such as road geometric design, short-range photogrammetry and medical simulations is based on arch type and in accordance with design goals. What is connected with establishing proper interconnection between design points is very important. ...  Read More

Political Geography of the Islamic World Part V : Enabling Factors for Achieving Unity Part III- Geopolitical and Geostrategic Situation of the Islamic World

Seyyed Yahya Safavi

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 10-14

Abstract
  The true origin of the unity of the Islamic Ummah (society of all Muslims as a whole) is the religion of Islam, which derives its root from human nature. The changes that this religion has had over the course of history have been limited to the minor details of the laws which owing to the variety of ...  Read More

Necessity of Attention to Small Rural Industries "Case Study: Frieden County"

Hassan Beik Mohammadi; Moslem Asadi

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 15-19

Abstract
  Politicians and people have a great deal of hope for the development of small rural industries. These industries can play a significant and effective role in creating jobs and income for the villagers, and in more equitable distribution of income in rural areas and the like. In order to achieve this ...  Read More

The Effect of Agriculture on the Climate in the Holocene (Translation)

Masoud Mo'ayyeri; Ali Jowzi Khomslouei

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 20-25

Abstract
  This paper summarizes the changes in gas reaction and climate tracing in the Holocene period (about 10,000 years ago), with respect to the four glacier periods of the past. The industrial era, which usually begins in the 18th century, is associated with increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases as a result ...  Read More

Theory, Concepts and Methods in Climate-Tourism Research

Ja'far Ma'soumpour; Faramarz Khoshakhlagh

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 26-30

Abstract
  It is generally accepted that climate is one of the main sources of tourism in a region. However, it is assumed that its role in determining the region's potential for tourism is obvious. In a more general statement there is relatively little knowledge about the effects of climate on tourism or the role ...  Read More

The role of Marginal Settlements in the Occurrence of Social Problems

Hamid Bahiraei; Ahmad Asadi

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 31-37

Abstract
  Marginal settlement is one of the broad grounds for social damages, with whose expansion we are witnessing increasing insecurity and various forms of crime and violence in society. The creation of unofficial settlements is the logical consequence of the unequal distribution of occupational opportunities ...  Read More

Geographical Factors and Static Cooling in Residential Complexes

Leila Shafi'ei Ardestani; Majid Mofidi Shemirani

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 38-46

Abstract
  Consideration of climatic and regional criteria, prevention of destruction of main ecosystems, maintaining the health of urban areas and preserving natural resources and energy are very important factors in designing sustainable residential complexes, because the primary nucleus of the formation of cities ...  Read More

The Transition from Suburban Settlements to the Creation of New Cities

Ahmad Pourahmad; Seyyed Majeddin Zandavi

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 47-55

Abstract
  Since the nineteenth century, suburbs were chosen for the living of the rich and middle-class families due to the inadequacies and pollution of the old part of the cities; the development of transportation technology has led urban families to prefer living in the countryside and away from the central ...  Read More

Study and Recognition of the Thermal Island of Tehran

Mojgan Afshar

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 56-62

Abstract
  This article was conducted in order to gain more knowledge about thermal differences (Thermal Island) between Tehran and Karaj based on a five-year statistical period (1993-1997). The element of temperature as the most important climatic element has been obtained as daily minimum and maximum from the ...  Read More

Application of Geomorphology in the Development and Limitations of Karaj City

Hiva Elmizadeh

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 63-67

Abstract
  Basically, the establishment and emergence of a city is more than anything subject to environmental conditions and geographic location, since natural features and phenomena have a decisive influence on location, dispersion, penetration area, physical development, urban morphology and the like, and sometimes ...  Read More

Location and Sustainable Urban Development

Hojjat Mahkouei

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 68-71

Abstract
  Places have fundamental differences in terms of scale and natural characteristics; in a complex way, they are overlapping and interdependent. Therefore, no map of the places in the world can be drawn to show definite boundaries. There are many examples of difference in places: Sand Book (1984), about ...  Read More

How Urban Structure Can Affect City Sustainability in Terms of Air Quality (Translation)

Kamal Omidvar; Maryam Beiranvandzadeh

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 72-76

Abstract
  Despite the progress made in controlling air pollution in special places, urban areas are witnessing increasing environmental concerns for air pollution. Air quality is one of the major concerns in this area. The results of several studies in this regard indicate that the shape of the city and land use ...  Read More

Paleoflood Study Methods in River Geomorphology

Reza Esma'ili; Mohammad Mahdi Hosseinzadeh

Volume 18, Issue 71 , November 2009, Pages 77-80

Abstract
  The application of geological data in view of the recent advances in Paleoflood hydrology is essential as a complement to conventional hydrological approaches. The utilization of geological data such as sedimentology, stratigraphy and their combination with other sciences, such as geomorphology and hydrology, ...  Read More